◌ْ, ◌ّ, ◌ٌ, ◌ً and ◌ٍ
Read no-vowel, consonant doubling and nunation marks.
About this unit
Three more kinds of marks: sukun for no vowel, shadda for a doubled consonant, and tanwin for an n-ending.
- ◌ْsukun: no vowelعَظْم · bone
- ◌ّ
shadda: a doubled consonantمُعَلِّم · teacher - ◌ٌ
tanwin: -un endingكِتَابٌ · a book (with -un ending) - ◌ًtanwin: -an endingصَبَاحًا · in the morning (with -an ending)
- ◌ٍtanwin: -in endingقَلَمٍ · a pen (with -in ending)
| Without shadda | With shadda |
|---|---|
| دَرَسَ · darasa, he studied | دَرَّسَ · darrasa, he taught |
Tanwin endings are often dropped when a word ends a sentence.
More words to read
دَرَسَ
he studieddarasaدَرَّسَ
he taughtdarrasaقَلَمٌ
a pen (with -un ending)qalamunReading tips
Sukun has appeared since بِنْت; now compare it with shadda, which doubles a consonant. Tanwin writes a grammatical n-ending with doubled vowel marks: ـً -an, ـٍ -in, ـٌ -un. Those endings often disappear in pause; the labelled tanwin examples deliberately include the ending.
Doubling is a sound contrast: دَرَسَ studied versus دَرَّسَ taught. Keep both the consonant duration and the written shadda.
Reading practice
Listen before looking
Do the two recordings sound the same or different?
Letters in words
Match each sign to the same sign in its example.
Letters in words
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Find the sound
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Find the sound
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Sound to spelling
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Spelling to sound
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Sound to spelling
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Spelling to sound
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Build the word
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Build the word
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Build the word
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Recall the spelling
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Recall the spelling
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Read no-vowel, consonant doubling and nunation marks.
دَرَسَ
he studiedدَرَّسَ
he taughtقَلَمٌ
a pen (with -un ending)
كِتَابٌ
a book (with -un ending)
مُعَلِّم
teacherصَبَاحًا
in the morning (with -an ending)قَلَمٍ
a pen (with -in ending)Use a Arabic keyboard
Standard Arabic keyboard or course tiles. Enter logical letters; the font shapes joins. Numbers retain normal digit order. Optional vowel marks are separate inputs.
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