Unit 16 · Capital letters: the second group · Read

Capital letters: the second group

Read the remaining capital letters in whole words.

Meet the letters

Tap a card and listen. Try saying it too.

Բ
i

b. Voiced b.

Պ
i

p. Plain p, with little breath.

Փ
i

pʰ. p with a puff of air.

Դ
i

d. Voiced d.

Տ
i

t. Plain t, with little breath.

Words to read

ԳԻՐՔ

book

ԹՈՒՂԹ

paper

ԴՊՐՈՑ

school

ՃԱՆԱՊԱՐՀ

road

ԵՐԵՎԱՆ

Yerevan

ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆ

Armenia
Reading tips

Recognise the remaining capital shapes, then read the whole word.

Use the uppercase keys when copying an all-capital word. Uppercase and lowercase must match the printed example.

Reading practice

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԳԻՐՔ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԹՈՒՂԹ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԴՊՐՈՑ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ՃԱՆԱՊԱՐՀ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԵՐԵՎԱՆ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆ

Listen and find

Listen, then select the matching item.

Listen and find

Listen, then select the matching item.

Listen and find

Listen, then select the matching item.

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԳԻՐՔ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԹՈՒՂԹ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԴՊՐՈՑ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ՃԱՆԱՊԱՐՀ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԵՐԵՎԱՆ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆ

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

գիրք

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

թուղթ

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

դպրոց

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

ճանապարհ

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

երևան

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

հայաստան

Finish practice to save this unit.

You can read and write this

Read the remaining capital letters in whole words.

Next unit

ԳԻՐՔ

book

ԹՈՒՂԹ

paper

ԴՊՐՈՑ

school

ՃԱՆԱՊԱՐՀ

road

ԵՐԵՎԱՆ

Yerevan

ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆ

Armenia
Use a Armenian keyboard

On your phone, add Armenian in Settings → Languages or Keyboards. On a computer, add an Armenian input language in the operating system settings.

Use the on-screen letters whenever you prefer. The ու key inserts its two written characters together; spaces and punctuation have their own keys.

All letters

Ա ա
i

a. Open a, as in father.

Մ մ
i

m. Keep the two arches in view.

Ն ն
i

n. One arch: compare it with մ.

Ի ի
i

i. A clear ee sound.

Ու ու
i

Capital form: Ու. In an ALL-CAPITAL word, write ՈՒ: the second part becomes Ւ. Both forms spell u.

Է է
i

e. A clear e, as in bed.

Ը ը
i

ə. A short neutral vowel, like the first sound of about.

Լ լ
i

l

Ս ս
i

s

Հ հ
i

h

Յ յ
i

y. The consonant y of yes, not the vowel in my.

Ր ր
i

ր is a brief tongue tap. The isolated recording includes a short helping vowel; that vowel is separate from the consonant. Compare the stronger rolled ռ, and listen to ր inside the words below.

արևսար
Վ վ
i

v

Օ օ
i

o. A plain o vowel, including at the start.

Ֆ ֆ
i

f. Often in borrowed words.

Ե ե
i

At the start of a word, ե usually sounds ye, as in ես. Inside a word it sounds e, as in մեր.

եսմերInside a word: e in մեր · մեր
Ո ո
i

At the start of a word, ո usually sounds vo, as in որ. Inside a word it sounds o, as in տոմս. ով (who) is an exception: it begins with plain o.

որտոմսովInside a word: o in տոմս · տոմս
Եվ և
i

և is a joined letter (a ligature), spelling the sequence e + v, not one consonant. It sounds yev at word start and ev inside a word, as in արև. Its capital spelling Եվ uses two letters; all capitals use ԵՎ.

ևարևInside a word: ev in բարև · բարև
Բ բ
i

b. Voiced b.

Պ պ
i

p. Plain p, with little breath.

Փ փ
i

pʰ. p with a puff of air.

Դ դ
i

d. Voiced d.

Տ տ
i

t. Plain t, with little breath.

Թ թ
i

tʰ. t with a puff of air; never English th.

Գ գ
i

g. Voiced g, always hard.

Կ կ
i

k. Plain k, little breath.

Ք ք
i

kʰ. k with a puff.

Խ խ
i

kh / x. Friction like ch in Scottish loch.

Ղ ղ
i

gh / ʁ. Voiced back-of-mouth friction; not g + h.

Զ զ
i

z

Ժ ժ
i

zh / ʒ. The middle sound in measure.

Շ շ
i

sh / ʃ. As in ship.

Ռ ռ
i

rolled r. A stronger rolled r; compare the short tap ր.

Ձ ձ
i

dz. Voiced d + z released as one joined sound.

Ծ ծ
i

ts. Plain ts, little breath.

Ց ց
i

tsʰ. ts with a puff.

Ջ ջ
i

j / dʒ. Voiced, as in jam.

Ճ ճ
i

ch / tʃ. Plain ch, little breath.

Չ չ
i

chʰ / tʃʰ. ch with a puff.