Unit 15 · Capital letters: the first group · Read

Capital letters: the first group

Recognise capital shapes and write familiar words in capitals.

Meet the letters

Tap a card and listen. Try saying it too.

Ա
i

a. Open a, as in father.

Մ
i

m. Keep the two arches in view.

Ն
i

n. One arch: compare it with մ.

Ի
i

i. A clear ee sound.

Ու
i

Capital form: Ու. In an ALL-CAPITAL word, write ՈՒ: the second part becomes Ւ. Both forms spell u.

Words to read

ԱՆԻ

Ani

ՆԻՆԱ

Nina

ԼՈՒՍԻՆ

moon

ԱՐԵՎ

sun

ՖԻԼՄ

film

ԼԱՎ

good
Reading tips

The sound stays the same when a letter becomes a capital. Focus on recognising the printed shape.

Names begin with a capital. Headings and signs can use capitals throughout a word.

The all-capital form of ու is ՈՒ. The all-capital form of և is ԵՎ.

Reading practice

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Recognise capitals

Match each capital to its lowercase letter.

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԱՆԻ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ՆԻՆԱ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԼՈՒՍԻՆ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԱՐԵՎ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ՖԻԼՄ

Read and listen

Read the word. Choose its pronunciation.

ԼԱՎ

Listen and find

Listen, then select the matching item.

Listen and find

Listen, then select the matching item.

Listen and find

Listen, then select the matching item.

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԱՆԻ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ՆԻՆԱ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԼՈՒՍԻՆ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԱՐԵՎ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ՖԻԼՄ

Write in lowercase

Read this word. Write it in lowercase.

ԼԱՎ

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

անի

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

նինա

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

լուսին

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

արև

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

ֆիլմ

Write in capitals

Read this word. Write it in capitals.

լավ

Finish practice to save this unit.

You can read and write this

Recognise capital shapes and write familiar words in capitals.

Next unit

ԱՆԻ

Ani

ՆԻՆԱ

Nina

ԼՈՒՍԻՆ

moon

ԱՐԵՎ

sun

ՖԻԼՄ

film

ԼԱՎ

good
Use a Armenian keyboard

On your phone, add Armenian in Settings → Languages or Keyboards. On a computer, add an Armenian input language in the operating system settings.

Use the on-screen letters whenever you prefer. The ու key inserts its two written characters together; spaces and punctuation have their own keys.

All letters

Ա ա
i

a. Open a, as in father.

Մ մ
i

m. Keep the two arches in view.

Ն ն
i

n. One arch: compare it with մ.

Ի ի
i

i. A clear ee sound.

Ու ու
i

Capital form: Ու. In an ALL-CAPITAL word, write ՈՒ: the second part becomes Ւ. Both forms spell u.

Է է
i

e. A clear e, as in bed.

Ը ը
i

ə. A short neutral vowel, like the first sound of about.

Լ լ
i

l

Ս ս
i

s

Հ հ
i

h

Յ յ
i

y. The consonant y of yes, not the vowel in my.

Ր ր
i

ր is a brief tongue tap. The isolated recording includes a short helping vowel; that vowel is separate from the consonant. Compare the stronger rolled ռ, and listen to ր inside the words below.

արևսար
Վ վ
i

v

Օ օ
i

o. A plain o vowel, including at the start.

Ֆ ֆ
i

f. Often in borrowed words.

Ե ե
i

At the start of a word, ե usually sounds ye, as in ես. Inside a word it sounds e, as in մեր.

եսմերInside a word: e in մեր · մեր
Ո ո
i

At the start of a word, ո usually sounds vo, as in որ. Inside a word it sounds o, as in տոմս. ով (who) is an exception: it begins with plain o.

որտոմսովInside a word: o in տոմս · տոմս
Եվ և
i

և is a joined letter (a ligature), spelling the sequence e + v, not one consonant. It sounds yev at word start and ev inside a word, as in արև. Its capital spelling Եվ uses two letters; all capitals use ԵՎ.

ևարևInside a word: ev in բարև · բարև
Բ բ
i

b. Voiced b.

Պ պ
i

p. Plain p, with little breath.

Փ փ
i

pʰ. p with a puff of air.

Դ դ
i

d. Voiced d.

Տ տ
i

t. Plain t, with little breath.

Թ թ
i

tʰ. t with a puff of air; never English th.

Գ գ
i

g. Voiced g, always hard.

Կ կ
i

k. Plain k, little breath.

Ք ք
i

kʰ. k with a puff.

Խ խ
i

kh / x. Friction like ch in Scottish loch.

Ղ ղ
i

gh / ʁ. Voiced back-of-mouth friction; not g + h.

Զ զ
i

z

Ժ ժ
i

zh / ʒ. The middle sound in measure.

Շ շ
i

sh / ʃ. As in ship.

Ռ ռ
i

rolled r. A stronger rolled r; compare the short tap ր.

Ձ ձ
i

dz. Voiced d + z released as one joined sound.

Ծ ծ
i

ts. Plain ts, little breath.

Ց ց
i

tsʰ. ts with a puff.

Ջ ջ
i

j / dʒ. Voiced, as in jam.

Ճ ճ
i

ch / tʃ. Plain ch, little breath.

Չ չ
i

chʰ / tʃʰ. ch with a puff.