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Unit 14 · ф, ю and я · Meet

ф, ю and я

Read f and the two y-vowel letters.

About this unit

Ф is f. Ю and я are single letters for yu and ya.

  • Ффphoto
    f, as in “fish”
    фо́то · photo
  • Юю
    yu; softens the consonant
    ю́ни · June
  • Яя
    ya; softens the consonant
    я́ма · pit
Whereя givesExample
at the start of a wordy + aя́ма · YA-ma
after a consonantsoft consonant + aля́то · LYA-to

Ю works the same way: ю́ни starts with yu.

More words to read

ля́то

summerlyáto
coffee

кафе́

coffeekafé
Reading tips

The new letters ю and я are single letters. Compare initial я in я́ма with ля in ля́то: the latter has a softened л. Month and season names use meaning cards.

Reading practice

Find the strong syllable

Listen and choose the stressed syllable, counting from the beginning.

Clip 1

Letters in words

Match each sign to the same sign in its example.

Find the sound

Match the sounds to the signs. Tap a sign to check.

Read with support

Match the words to their pictures.

Read without a sound cue

Match the words to their pictures.

Sound to spelling

Listen. Choose the spelling.

Spelling to sound

Read the word. Choose its sound.

я́ма

Sound to spelling

Listen. Choose the spelling.

Spelling to sound

Read the word. Choose its sound.

фо́то

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

photo

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

coffee

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Finish practice to save this unit.

You can read and write this

Read f and the two y-vowel letters.

Next unit
photo

фо́то

photo

ю́ни

June

я́ма

pit

ля́то

summer
coffee

кафе́

coffee
Use a Bulgarian keyboard

Bulgarian has a standard BDS layout and widely used phonetic layouts. Either is optional: the guided course has on-screen tiles. Keep ъ and ь separate. Teaching acute accents may be omitted in input; the grave in ѝ belongs to the word and is not a removable stress hint.

All letters

А а
i

a

К кIn ка
i

ka

М мIn ма
i

ma

О о
i

o

Т тIn та
i

ta

В вIn ва
i

va. В is v, not Latin B.

Н нIn на
i

na. Н is n, not Latin H.

Р рIn ра
i

ra. Р is r, not Latin P.

С сIn са
i

sa. С is s, not a Latin c reading.

У у
i

u. У is u, not Latin y.

Х хIn ха
i

kha. Х is a friction sound, as in German Bach.

Е е
i

e. Bulgarian е is e, without a general word-initial ye rule.

Б бIn ба
i

ba

Г гIn га
i

ga

Д дIn да
i

da

Л лIn ла
i

la

П пIn па
i

pa

З зIn за
i

za

Ж жIn жа
i

zha

Ш шIn ша
i

sha

И и
i

i

Й й
i

y. Й is a consonant, not an extra vowel syllable.

Ф фIn фа
i

fa

Ю юyu; softens the consonant
i

yu. Initially ю is yu; after a consonant it indicates softness plus u.

Я яya; softens the consonant
i

ya. Initially я is ya; after a consonant it indicates softness plus a.

Ъ ъrelaxed vowel, like u in “but”
i

ǎ / ɤ. A real vowel, often stressed. Never treat it as a Russian hard sign.

Ч чIn ча
i

cha

Ц цIn ца
i

tsa

Щ щIn ща
i

shta. Щ is sh + t in Bulgarian, not the Russian щ sound.

Ь ьno sound; softens before оIn ер малък
i

soft sign (name). Ь has no sound of its own and occurs before о in this pattern.