Background, denial and photos
For a past state or ongoing activity, the same perfect works with an appropriate verb: , , . Croatian has no compulsory additional ongoing-action auxiliary here.
plus the clause links background or sequence: . The actual event order and verb choice supply the meaning. Do not introduce aorist or imperfect forms for this A1 story.
For denial, or . explains what happened instead. A known female character uses feminine participles; a learner sentence needs m/f variants.
| Pattern | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Mira sat on the bench. | ||
| Mira sat on the bench. | ||
| Mira was sleeping. | ||
| Mira was sleeping. | ||
| Luka was playing. | ||
| Luka was playing. | ||
| I did not sleep. | ||
| I did not sleep. | ||
Mira je sjedila na klupi.Mira sat on the bench.
Mira je spavala.Mira was sleeping.
Luka je svirao.Luka was playing.
Nisam spavao.I did not sleep.
Nisam spavala.I did not sleep.
Zatvorio sam oči.I closed my eyes.
Zatvorila sam oči.I closed my eyes.
Maja je fotografirala.Maja took photographs.
I ja sam čuo.I heard it too.
I ja sam čula.I heard it too.
Kad je počeo koncert, Mira je sjedila na klupi.When the concert started, Mira was on the bench.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
.
Mira sat on the bench.
.
Mira was sleeping.
.
Luka was playing.
.
I did not sleep.
.
I did not sleep.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.
Mira je na klupi.
Mira sat on the bench.
Mira je .
Mira was sleeping.
Luka je .
Luka was playing.
spavao.
I did not sleep.
spavala.
I did not sleep.
sam oči.
I closed my eyes.
sam oči.
I closed my eyes.
Maja je .
Maja took photographs.
I ja sam .
I heard it too.
I ja sam .
I heard it too.
je počeo koncert, Mira je sjedila na klupi.
When the concert started, Mira was on the bench.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete the messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Luka je .
Luka was playing.
spavao.
I did not sleep.
spavala.
I did not sleep.
sam oči.
I closed my eyes.
sam oči.
I closed my eyes.
Maja je .
Maja took photographs.
I ja sam .
I heard it too.
I ja sam .
I heard it too.
je počeo koncert, Mira je sjedila na klupi.
When the concert started, Mira was on the bench.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build a sentence
Put the words in order.
Mira sat on the bench.
Mira was sleeping.
Luka was playing.
I closed my eyes.
I closed my eyes.
Maja took photographs.
I heard it too.
I heard it too.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
Mira sat on the bench.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Mira sat on the bench.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Mira was sleeping.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Mira was sleeping.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Luka was playing.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Luka was playing.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I did not sleep.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I did not sleep.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
