Module 4Grammar reviewPremium

Croatian in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Brat, sestra, imam trideset

Age uses have: , not an English-style am construction. is feminine accusative; masculine animate accusative.

Sibling relative age is explicit: , older sister; , younger brother. In an object phrase, , . These do not change with the learner’s sex.

Genitive expresses possession after a noun: . Learn as an ongoing duration and as an early past-state chunk before the fuller perfect lesson.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Pattern	Example	Meaning
		I am thirty years old.
I am thirty years old.
		I have one older sister.
I have one older sister.
		I have one younger brother.
I have one younger brother.
		My sister is older.
My sister is older.

Croatian past tense uses a form of be with a gender/number participle. Here, are useful past-state chunks; the complete perfect pattern follows at the end of this module.

Desetog srpnja, prvi, drugi

Dates use an ordinal form for the day and genitive for the month: , . The month table contains the full nominative/genitive set. Birthdays keep these forms whatever the learner’s sex.

Positions use , , . They agree with the noun: , . Dates use forms such as ; longer -oga forms are also correct.

Ask and . The learner’s birthday is10July; Lana’s28March. Possessive nationality/profession nouns in her homework use true learner variants, not generic masculine for Lena.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Pattern	Example	Meaning
		My birthday is on the tenth of July.
My birthday is on the tenth of July.
		Lana's birthday is on the twenty-eighth of March.
Lana's birthday is on the twenty-eighth of March.
		This is the first question.
This is the first question.
		This is the second question.
This is the second question.

All twelve monthsTap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Month	In a date	Meaning
		January
January
		February
February
		March
March
		April
April
		May
May
		June
June
		July
July
		August
August
		September
September
		October
October
		November
November
		December
December

Smeđe oči, crna kosa

Descriptions agree with the described noun: , , , . A person is , hair . Grammatical noun gender differs from the learner’s own sex.

Use have for appearance: , . and are plural; is singular as a mass of hair. The word means beard.

asks what something is like and agrees with the noun: . Learn useful contractions as whole phrases rather than converting every English question word literally.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Pattern	Example	Meaning
		Luka is tall.
Luka is tall.
		Mira is short.
Mira is short.
		The hair is black.
The hair is black.
		The eyes are brown.
The eyes are brown.

Za Lanu, Lani, pola

takes accusative for a recipient or purpose: . Giving can use a dative directly: . Feminine names in -a often have dative -i; do not leave every name unchanged.

Useful choices are with a masculine noun or with a feminine one. can make too: , . It is not a verb tense marker.

is half. The large sketchbook is28euros, the small12. Sharing the large one is14each. refer to the possessor but their endings agree with the thing possessed.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Pattern	Example	Meaning
		The gift is for Lana.
The gift is for Lana.
		I give Lana a book.
I give Lana a book.
		I want the big sketchbook.
I want the big sketchbook.
		The small sketchbook is too small.
The small sketchbook is too small.

Bio/bila, živio/živjela

Learn the current-state expressions (married), , . Formal keeps plural agreement but uses the correct marriage word for the person.

Croatian past uses a present be auxiliary plus a participle: , . The auxiliary goes after the first phrase; the participle agrees with the subject. Male/female singular -o · -la, neuter -lo; plural -li · -le · -la. Polite single-person uses masculine plural regardless of the addressee’s sex.

Introduce this perfect structure fully here for photographs and later routines. Common background , , are practised first. Later event stories consolidate regular/irregular participles. The verb negative is in the auxiliary: , not an invented past ending.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Pattern	Example	Meaning
		I am not married.
I am not married.
		I have no children.
I have no children.
		I was here.
I was here.
		I lived in Hamburg.
I lived in Hamburg.

Practice 1/6 · Finding words

Notice the useful pattern

Tap the form practised in this unit.

As Lukas
.
I am young.
As Lena
.
I am young.
As Lukas
.
I am interesting.
As Lena
.
I am interesting.
.
I am thirty years old.
.
My birthday is on the tenth of July.

Practice 2/6 · The right form

Choose the form

Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.

As Lukas
Ja sam .
I am young.
As Lena
Ja sam .
I am young.
As Lukas
Ja sam .
I am interesting.
As Lena
Ja sam .
I am interesting.
Imam godina.
I am thirty years old.
Rođendan mi je srpnja.
My birthday is on the tenth of July.
Luka je .
Luka is tall.
Dar je za .
The gift is for Lana.
As Lukas
Nisam .
I am not married.
As Lena
Nisam .
I am not married.
Imam jednu stariju .
I have one older sister.

Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps

Complete the messages

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Imam godina.
I am thirty years old.
Rođendan mi je srpnja.
My birthday is on the tenth of July.
Luka je .
Luka is tall.
Dar je za .
The gift is for Lana.
As Lukas
Nisam .
I am not married.
As Lena
Nisam .
I am not married.
Imam jednu stariju .
I have one older sister.

Practice 4/6 · Building sentences

Build a sentence

Put the words in order.

As Lukas
I am young.
As Lena
I am young.
As Lukas
I am interesting.
As Lena
I am interesting.
I am thirty years old.
My birthday is on the tenth of July.
Luka is tall.
The gift is for Lana.

Practice 5/6 · In situations

What would you say?

Choose the right words for the situation.

As Lukas
I am young.
You say:
As Lena
I am young.
You say:
As Lukas
I am interesting.
You say:
As Lena
I am interesting.
You say:
I am thirty years old.
You say:
I am thirty years old.
You say:
My birthday is on the tenth of July.
You say:
My birthday is on the tenth of July.
You say:

Practice 6/6 · Matching

Connect messages and meanings

Match the pairs.

Unit complete

Croatian in everyday situations

6exercises

Keep practising

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