Seeing and hearing past events
Reuse the perfect: present auxiliary plus a participle. , , are real irregular pairs. Learn them as complete verbs rather than replacing every infinitive suffix the same way.
The participle agrees with the subject’s gender/number. The auxiliary normally follows the first phrase: , but . Short object pronouns enter the same early clitic group: .
Past negation uses . For ordinary did not, do not substitute a future negative . is a reflexive event phrase with plural neuter agreement.
| Pattern | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I saw a shadow. | ||
| I saw a shadow. | ||
| I heard the trumpet. | ||
| I heard the trumpet. | ||
| I did not find Miki. | ||
| I did not find Miki. | ||
| I was there yesterday. | ||
| I was there yesterday. | ||
Vidio sam sjenu.I saw a shadow.
Vidjela sam sjenu.I saw a shadow.
Čuo sam trubu.I heard the trumpet.
Čula sam trubu.I heard the trumpet.
Nisam našao Mikija.I did not find Miki.
Nisam našla Mikija.I did not find Miki.
Jučer sam bio tamo.I was there yesterday.
Jučer sam bila tamo.I was there yesterday.
Nisam ga vidio.I did not see him.
Nisam ga vidjela.I did not see him.
Svjetla su se ugasila.The lights went out.
Kolač je nestao.The cake disappeared.
Ivana je vidjela sjenu.Ivana saw a shadow.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
.
I saw a shadow.
.
I saw a shadow.
.
I heard the trumpet.
.
I heard the trumpet.
.
I did not find Miki.
.
I did not find Miki.
.
I was there yesterday.
.
I was there yesterday.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.
sam sjenu.
I saw a shadow.
sam sjenu.
I saw a shadow.
sam trubu.
I heard the trumpet.
sam trubu.
I heard the trumpet.
Nisam Mikija.
I did not find Miki.
Nisam Mikija.
I did not find Miki.
Jučer bio tamo.
I was there yesterday.
Jučer bila tamo.
I was there yesterday.
Nisam vidio.
I did not see him.
Nisam vidjela.
I did not see him.
Svjetla su se .
The lights went out.
Kolač je .
The cake disappeared.
Ivana je sjenu.
Ivana saw a shadow.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete the messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Nisam Mikija.
I did not find Miki.
Nisam Mikija.
I did not find Miki.
Jučer bio tamo.
I was there yesterday.
Jučer bila tamo.
I was there yesterday.
Nisam vidio.
I did not see him.
Nisam vidjela.
I did not see him.
Svjetla su se .
The lights went out.
Kolač je .
The cake disappeared.
Ivana je sjenu.
Ivana saw a shadow.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build a sentence
Put the words in order.
I saw a shadow.
I saw a shadow.
I heard the trumpet.
I heard the trumpet.
I did not find Miki.
I did not find Miki.
I was there yesterday.
I was there yesterday.
I did not see him.
I did not see him.
The lights went out.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
I saw a shadow.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I saw a shadow.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I heard the trumpet.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I heard the trumpet.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I did not find Miki.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I did not find Miki.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I was there yesterday.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
I was there yesterday.
You say:
Use the meaning and Croatian pattern explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
