Czech in everyday situations · Grammar review

Module 8Grammar reviewPremium

Czech in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Bolí mě hlava

For a body part hurting, use or . For throat pain, is particularly natural. Some body parts are plural: .

Short accusative pronouns are . They are different from recipient forms: but . Duration can be expressed simply: . The complete body group includes .

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CzechMeaning
My head hurts.
Does your throat hurt? (polite)
I feel hot.
My back hurts.

Datum narození

An appointment date uses the same date forms as a birthday: . The year 1995 can be read as or .

For your birth use the useful past chunk for a man or for a woman. The order can be . Ask for an earlier appointment with

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CzechMeaning
On the tenth of July.
On the twenty-eighth of May.
I was born in 1995.
Is it possible earlier?

Otevřete ústa

Useful polite instructions are . Familiar forms are . To suggest doing something together, use .

For everyday advice, is simple and clear. Conditions can use : . Learn for since Saturday and for until Saturday.

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CzechMeaning
Open your mouth, please, Mr Tomáš.
Eat fruit, please, Mrs Nováková.
Drink tea, Eliška.
I have been at home since Saturday.

Vstal jsem a vstala jsem

Past tense uses an -l form plus present in the first and second persons: . A neuter singular uses , and neuter plural .

A group with a masculine animate member usually takes -li; all-female or masculine-inanimate groups use -ly. Polite one-person is for a man or for a woman. Place short auxiliaries after the first phrase: . Third person has no auxiliary: .

Useful past forms include . Czech aspect distinguishes a process from its completion: . Learn these pairs through situations rather than changing endings mechanically.

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CzechMeaning
I got up today.
Jan got up at five.
Petra bought milk.
Have you got up? (polite)

Po jídle a třikrát denně

For medicine instructions the useful time chunks are (after meals), (before meals), (three times a day), (every hour).

Number and noun form still agree: . After a direct verb object use . Recipient forms help with presents and help: .

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
CzechMeaning
I take two tablets.
I take five tablets.
I take the medicine after meals.
Jan gave me earplugs.
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