Module 8Grammar reviewPremium
Czech in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Bolí mě hlava
For a body part hurting, use or . For throat pain, is particularly natural. Some body parts are plural: .
Short accusative pronouns are . They are different from recipient forms: but . Duration can be expressed simply: . The complete body group includes .
| Czech | Meaning |
|---|---|
| My head hurts. | |
| My head hurts. | |
| Does your throat hurt? (polite) | |
| Does your throat hurt? (polite) | |
| I feel hot. | |
| I feel hot. | |
| My back hurts. | |
| My back hurts. | |
Datum narození
An appointment date uses the same date forms as a birthday: . The year 1995 can be read as or .
For your birth use the useful past chunk for a man or for a woman. The order can be . Ask for an earlier appointment with
| Czech | Meaning |
|---|---|
| On the tenth of July. | |
| On the tenth of July. | |
| On the twenty-eighth of May. | |
| On the twenty-eighth of May. | |
| I was born in 1995. | |
| I was born in 1995. | |
| Is it possible earlier? | |
| Is it possible earlier? | |
Otevřete ústa
Useful polite instructions are . Familiar forms are . To suggest doing something together, use .
For everyday advice, is simple and clear. Conditions can use : . Learn for since Saturday and for until Saturday.
| Czech | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Open your mouth, please, Mr Tomáš. | |
| Open your mouth, please, Mr Tomáš. | |
| Eat fruit, please, Mrs Nováková. | |
| Eat fruit, please, Mrs Nováková. | |
| Drink tea, Eliška. | |
| Drink tea, Eliška. | |
| I have been at home since Saturday. | |
| I have been at home since Saturday. | |
Vstal jsem a vstala jsem
Past tense uses an -l form plus present in the first and second persons: . A neuter singular uses , and neuter plural .
A group with a masculine animate member usually takes -li; all-female or masculine-inanimate groups use -ly. Polite one-person is for a man or for a woman. Place short auxiliaries after the first phrase: . Third person has no auxiliary: .
Useful past forms include . Czech aspect distinguishes a process from its completion: . Learn these pairs through situations rather than changing endings mechanically.
| Czech | Meaning |
|---|---|
| I got up today. | |
| I got up today. | |
| Jan got up at five. | |
| Jan got up at five. | |
| Petra bought milk. | |
| Petra bought milk. | |
| Have you got up? (polite) | |
| Have you got up? (polite) | |
Po jídle a třikrát denně
For medicine instructions the useful time chunks are (after meals), (before meals), (three times a day), (every hour).
Number and noun form still agree: . After a direct verb object use . Recipient forms help with presents and help: .
| Czech | Meaning |
|---|---|
| I take two tablets. | |
| I take two tablets. | |
| I take five tablets. | |
| I take five tablets. | |
| I take the medicine after meals. | |
| I take the medicine after meals. | |
| Jan gave me earplugs. | |
| Jan gave me earplugs. | |
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
As Lukas
.
I was born in 1995.
As Lena
.
I was born in 1995.
As Lukas
.
I got up today.
As Lena
.
I got up today.
.
My head hurts.
.
On the tenth of July.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.
As Lukas
jsem se v roce 1995.
I was born in 1995.
As Lena
jsem se v roce 1995.
I was born in 1995.
As Lukas
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
As Lena
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
Bolí hlava.
My head hurts.
Desátého .
On the tenth of July.
ústa, prosím, pane Tomáši.
Open your mouth, please, Mr Tomáš.
As Lukas
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
As Lena
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
Beru dvě .
I take two tablets.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete the messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
As Lukas
jsem se v roce 1995.
I was born in 1995.
As Lena
jsem se v roce 1995.
I was born in 1995.
As Lukas
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
As Lena
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
Bolí hlava.
My head hurts.
Desátého .
On the tenth of July.
ústa, prosím, pane Tomáši.
Open your mouth, please, Mr Tomáš.
As Lukas
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
As Lena
Dnes jsem .
I got up today.
Beru dvě .
I take two tablets.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build a sentence
Put the words in order.
As Lukas
I was born in 1995.
As Lena
I was born in 1995.
As Lukas
I got up today.
As Lena
I got up today.
My head hurts.
Open your mouth, please, Mr Tomáš.
As Lukas
I got up today.
As Lena
I got up today.
I take two tablets.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
As Lukas
I was born in 1995.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
As Lena
I was born in 1995.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
As Lukas
I got up today.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
As Lena
I got up today.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
My head hurts.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
My head hurts.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
On the tenth of July.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
On the tenth of July.
You say:
Use the meaning and Czech pattern explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.

Unit complete
