Czech in everyday situations · Grammar review

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Czech in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Kolik je hodin?

Use for hours. For when something happens use . Twenty-four-hour times are useful and clear: .

Czech half-hours refer to the next hour: is 8:30. is 8:15; is 8:45. is 8:55. For schedules, means from 9:00 until 17:30.

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CzechMeaning
It is two o’clock.
Work starts at nine.
It is half past eight.
It is a quarter to nine.

V pondělí, každý den

The complete week is . For on a day say .

For habits use . A negative verb with means never: . Czech uses both the negative word and the negative verb. means twice a day.

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CzechMeaning
I have a meeting on Wednesday.
I work on Friday.
I never eat fish.
I eat twice a day.

Vstávám a myju se

Reflexive: The short forms and appear with reflexive verbs.

The present of is . The verb has . The forms and are also standard.

The short words and usually follow the first phrase: is used with ; often means for oneself: . They do not replace one another freely. For liking an activity, use for a man and for a woman.

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CzechMeaning
I get up at half past six.
You get up at two. (familiar)
I wash in the morning.
I like reading.

V kuchyni, do kuchyně

Locative: A form after prepositions such as , , for location or topic.

For being in a place, and usually take locative: . Noun patterns vary: .

For movement into an enclosed place, use plus genitive: . For movement onto or to some places, takes accusative: . Compare with instrumental and with accusative.

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CzechMeaning
Mourek is in the kitchen.
I am going into the kitchen.
The pen is on the table.
I am putting the pen on the table.

Počkej, počkejte

Imperative: A request or instruction, such as , .

A word for a person or thing: , , , .

For one friend use . For several people or one person politely use . To suggest doing something together, use . Learn common irregular commands with their verb.

Add for politeness. Negative commands add : . A short object pronoun normally goes after the first phrase: .

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CzechMeaning
Wait, please, Mr Tomáš.
Give me the key, Eliška.
Open the door, please, Mrs Nováková.
Let us go to the café.
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