Obligation, no need and prohibition
plus base verb expresses a strong obligation: . It has the same form for all subjects and has no before the next verb.
is another common obligation pattern: , . Its questions and negatives use : , .
Distinguish (there is no need) from (it is forbidden). leaves a choice; forbids parking.
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Express a strong need to call. | ||
| Express a strong need to call. | ||
| Express her obligation. | ||
| Express her obligation. | ||
| Ask about an obligation. | ||
| Ask about an obligation. | ||
| Say coming is not necessary. | ||
| Say coming is not necessary. | ||
| Say parking here is forbidden. | ||
| Say parking here is forbidden. | ||
| Express your need to rest. | ||
| Express your need to rest. | ||
I must call the surgery.Express a strong need to call.
She has to work.Express her obligation.
Do you have to work?Ask about an obligation.
You don’t have to come today.Say coming is not necessary.
You mustn’t park here.Say parking here is forbidden.
I have to rest.Express your need to rest.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the patterns
Tap the form described in this unit.
.
Express a strong need to call.
.
Express her obligation.
?
Ask about an obligation.
.
Say coming is not necessary.
.
Say parking here is forbidden.
.
Express your need to rest.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Choose the right word for the gap.
I must the surgery.
Express a strong need to call.
She to work.
Express her obligation.
Do you have work?
Ask about an obligation.
You come today.
Say coming is not necessary.
You park here.
Say parking here is forbidden.
I to rest.
Express your need to rest.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete a short message
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
I must the surgery.
Express a strong need to call.
She to work.
Express her obligation.
Do you have work?
Ask about an obligation.
You come today.
Say coming is not necessary.
You park here.
Say parking here is forbidden.
I to rest.
Express your need to rest.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build useful sentences
Put the words in order.
Express a strong need to call.
Express her obligation.
Ask about an obligation.
Say coming is not necessary.
Say parking here is forbidden.
Express your need to rest.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
Express a strong need to call.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Express a strong need to call.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Express her obligation.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Express her obligation.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Ask about an obligation.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Ask about an obligation.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Say coming is not necessary.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Say coming is not necessary.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the English pattern explained in the unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
