Advice, since and until
Common polite/plural instructions are . Familiar forms are . Negative and follow the imperative patterns already taught.
Since can be or . The terminative -ni means until: , . combines a past state and completed change; learn as completed past of .
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely. | ||
| Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely. | ||
| Liis, eat fruit. | ||
| Liis, eat fruit. | ||
| Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely. | ||
| Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely. | ||
| Liis, drink water. | ||
| Liis, drink water. | ||
| I have been ill since Saturday. | ||
| I have been ill since Saturday. | ||
| I have to stay in bed until Saturday. | ||
| I have to stay in bed until Saturday. | ||
Proua Tamm, sööge puuvilju.Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely.
Liis, söö puuvilju.Liis, eat fruit.
Proua Tamm, jooge vett.Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
Liis, joo vett.Liis, drink water.
Ma olen haige alates laupäevast.I have been ill since Saturday.
Pean voodis olema laupäevani.I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Mina olen Lukas. Ma olen haige alates laupäevast.I am Lukas. I have been ill since Saturday.
Mina olen Lena. Ma olen haige alates laupäevast.I am Lena. I have been ill since Saturday.
Mina olen Lukas. Pean voodis olema laupäevani.I am Lukas. I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Mina olen Lena. Pean voodis olema laupäevani.I am Lena. I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
, .
Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely.
, .
Liis, eat fruit.
, .
Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
, .
Liis, drink water.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.
Proua Tamm, puuvilju.
Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely.
Liis, puuvilju.
Liis, eat fruit.
Proua Tamm, vett.
Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
Liis, vett.
Liis, drink water.
Ma olen haige alates .
I have been ill since Saturday.
Pean voodis olema .
I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Mina olen Lukas. Ma olen haige alates .
I am Lukas. I have been ill since Saturday.
Mina olen Lena. Ma olen haige alates .
I am Lena. I have been ill since Saturday.
Mina olen Lukas. Pean voodis olema .
I am Lukas. I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Mina olen Lena. Pean voodis olema .
I am Lena. I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete the messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Proua Tamm, vett.
Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
Liis, vett.
Liis, drink water.
Ma olen haige alates .
I have been ill since Saturday.
Pean voodis olema .
I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Mina olen Lukas. Ma olen haige alates .
I am Lukas. I have been ill since Saturday.
Mina olen Lena. Ma olen haige alates .
I am Lena. I have been ill since Saturday.
Mina olen Lukas. Pean voodis olema .
I am Lukas. I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Mina olen Lena. Pean voodis olema .
I am Lena. I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build a sentence
Put the words in order.
Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely.
Liis, eat fruit.
Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
Liis, drink water.
I have been ill since Saturday.
I have to stay in bed until Saturday.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Mrs Tamm, eat fruit, politely.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Liis, eat fruit.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Liis, eat fruit.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Mrs Tamm, drink water, politely.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Liis, drink water.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Liis, drink water.
You say:
Use the meaning and Estonian pattern explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
