Module 1Grammar reviewPremium

Finnish in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

olen, olet, on

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Person	Form	Meaning
		I am here
I am here
		You are here
You are here
		He/she is here
He/she is here
		We are here
We are here
		You (plural) are here
You (plural) are here
		They are here
They are here

An article is a word like English a or the; Finnish has no articles. Grammatical gender is a noun class; Finnish has no grammatical gender. means he or she. Use the present tense of : , , , , , . A pronoun names the person: singular , , ; plural , , . A subject is the person or thing you speak about.

is normal in everyday conversation with adults as well as children. Respectful is possible with unfamiliar adults and uses the plural verb. Add -ko/-kö to the verb for a yes/no question: Vowel harmony chooses -ko after back vowels and -kö after front vowels. Learn (my name is), (my house) and (your key) as complete early ownership expressions.

en, et, ei

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Person	Form	Meaning
		I am not here
I am not here
		You are not here
You are not here
		He/she is not here
He/she is not here
		We are not here
We are not here
		You (plural) are not here
You (plural) are not here
		They are not here
They are not here

Finnish changes the negative verb to match the person: , , , , , . The main verb keeps its short negative stem: , , . This is negation. The same pattern gives , (do not sleep).

Ask (do you have my key?) and learn (I am hungry) and (it is hungry) whole. points to this and to it. means I too: -kin adds also. These useful scene expressions come before the full ownership pattern in module 2.

kahvia, teetä, kakkua

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Form	Example	Meaning
		Coffee, please.
Coffee, please.
		Tea, please.
Tea, please.
		I would like some cake.
I would like some cake.
		Coffee or tea?
Coffee or tea?
		Coffee and cake.
Coffee and cake.
		The cake is good.
The cake is good.
		I like the cake.
I like the cake.
		Now the cake is yours.
Now the cake is yours.

The nominative is a noun’s basic naming form: , , . A case is an ending showing how a word is used. Use the partitive for an amount of food or drink: , , . Common endings are -a/-ä and -ta/-tä. Learn each form with its noun.

Use in an alternative question: Use to add something. is a natural request. (I would like) is a polite conditional expression learned whole; it is not a future tense. Finnish has no special future tense ending; a present form and a time word express a plan. Liking uses plus a from-form: . Learn this pattern whole; place endings are practised later.

asun, asut, asuu

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Person	Form	Meaning
		I live here
I live here
		You live here
You live here
		He/she lives here
He/she lives here
		We live here
We live here
		You (plural) live here
You (plural) live here
		They live here
They live here

For a type 1 verb, remove final -a/-ä and add person endings: -n, -t, a lengthened last vowel, -mme, -tte, -vat/-vät. Thus : , , , , , . changes to in most present forms: , , , , , . This consonant change is called gradation.

An infinitive is the dictionary form: , . After use an infinitive: . For , the weak stem is : , , but . The request is a whole scene expression; requests are practised fully in module 5. Finnish uses the same present form for I play and I am playing.

missä, minun, sinun

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		Where is the café?
Where is the café?
		Aino lives in the house.
Aino lives in the house.
		This is Aino’s house.
This is Aino’s house.
		This is my house.
This is my house.
		This is your house.
This is your house.
		This is our house.
This is our house.
		This is your house (plural).
This is your house (plural).
		Nöpö is downstairs.
Nöpö is downstairs.

asks where something is. , , and are useful place words. The inside-location ending is -ssa/-ssä: , . Finnish endings follow vowel harmony: back vowels , , take endings; front vowels , , take endings. Words with only and normally take front endings.

The genitive commonly ends in -n: , . Ownership pronouns are , , , , , . Standard Finnish adds a possessive ending too: , , , , , . In , no noun follows and no possessive ending is added.

Practice 1/6 · Finding words

Notice the patterns

Tap the form practised in each message.

.
I am here.
.
I am not here.
.
I live here.
?
Where is the café?
.
You are here.
.
You are not here.
.
You live here.
.
Aino lives in the house.

Practice 2/6 · The right form

Choose the forms

Choose the right word for the gap.

Minä täällä.
I am here.
Minä ole täällä.
I am not here.
Minä täällä.
I live here.
kahvila on?
Where is the café?
Sinä täällä.
You are here.
Sinä ole täällä.
You are not here.
Sinä täällä.
You live here.
Aino asuu .
Aino lives in the house.
Hän täällä.
He/she is here.
Haluaisin .
I would like some cake.

Mix the module patterns

Choose the right word for the gap.

Hän täällä.
He/she lives here.
Tämä on talo.
This is Aino’s house.
Me täällä.
We are here.
Me ole täällä.
We are not here.
Me täällä.
We live here.
Tämä on minun .
This is my house.
Te täällä.
You (plural) are here.
Te ole täällä.
You (plural) are not here.
Te täällä.
You (plural) live here.
Tämä on sinun .
This is your house.

Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps

Complete the messages

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Hän täällä.
He/she is here.
Haluaisin .
I would like some cake.
Hän täällä.
He/she lives here.
Tämä on talo.
This is Aino’s house.
Me täällä.
We are here.
Me ole täällä.
We are not here.
Me täällä.
We live here.
Tämä on minun .
This is my house.

Practice 4/6 · Building sentences

Build a sentence

Put the words in order.

I am here.
I am not here.
I live here.
Where is the café?
You are here.
You are not here.
You live here.
Aino lives in the house.

Practice 5/6 · In situations

What would you say?

Choose the right words for the situation.

You (plural) are here.
You say:
You (plural) are here.
You say:
You (plural) are not here.
You say:
You (plural) are not here.
You say:
You (plural) live here.
You say:
You (plural) live here.
You say:
This is your house.
You say:
This is your house.
You say:
They are here.
You say:
They are here.
You say:
They are not here.
You say:
They are not here.
You say:
They live here.
You say:
They live here.
You say:
This is our house.
You say:
This is our house.
You say:

Practice 6/6 · Matching

Connect the messages

Match the pairs.

Unit complete

Finnish in everyday situations

7exercises

Keep practising

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