How Georgian writing works

Modern Georgian uses Mkhedruli letters, written left to right, with spaces between words.

Here are father and mother. Tap play and listen. These pages have no test, and you can come back to them whenever you need.

Mkhedruli has 33 letters: five vowel letters and 28 consonant letters. Vowels are full letters in the line, not marks added to a consonant.

Mkhedruli has no case: normal text has no sentence-initial or name-initial capitals. Nino and Tbilisi begin with the same letter shapes as any other word.

Mtavruli is a separate all-capital heading style for whole words, introduced later as recognition practice.

Notice where each letter sits: some have an ascender, a descender, both, or neither. The line position helps distinguish rounded shapes: კ in კარი, door, reaches below the line; პ in პური, bread, rises above it.