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Unit 12 · გ, ქ and კ · Meet

გ, ქ and კ

Read voiced g, aspirated k and ejective k.

About this unit

The k family completes the pattern for stops: voiced g, aspirated k and ejective k.

  • გheart
    voiced g: throat buzzes
    გული · heart
  • ქwind
    aspirated k: a puff of air
    ქარი · wind
  • კdoor
    ejective k: tight, popped
    კარი · door

ქარი is wind and კარი is a door: only the first letter differs.

Reading tips

ქარი is wind; კარი is a door. The only spelling difference is ქ versus კ. Listen first, then use the letter’s shape to fix the sound and meaning.

Reading practice

Listen before looking

Are the two syllables or words the same or different?

Clip 1
Clip 2

Listen before looking

Are the two syllables or words the same or different?

Clip 1
Clip 2

Listen before looking

Are the two syllables or words the same or different?

Clip 1
Clip 2

Letters in words

Match each sign to the same sign in its example.

Find the sound

Match the sounds to the signs. Tap a sign to check.

Read with support

Match the words to their pictures.

Read without a sound cue

Match the words to their pictures.

Sound to spelling

Listen. Choose the spelling.

Spelling to sound

Read the word. Choose its sound.

ქარი

Sound to spelling

Listen. Choose the spelling.

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

heart

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

wind

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

door

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Finish practice to save this unit.

You can read and write this

Read voiced g, aspirated k and ejective k.

Next unit
heart

გული

heart
wind

ქარი

wind
door

კარი

door
Use a Georgian keyboard

The guided course has on-screen letters in logical order. A Georgian keyboard, often with a phonetic Latin-key mapping, is optional. Names and sentences use ordinary Mkhedruli, not a capital first letter. Mtavruli is an all-capital style for whole headings.

All letters

ა
i

a

ე
i

e

ი
i

i

მIn მა
i

ma

ლIn ლა
i

la

ო
i

o

უ
i

u

ნIn ნა
i

na

რIn რა
i

ra

სIn სა
i

sa

ვIn ვა
i

va

ბvoiced b: throat buzzesIn ბა
i

ba. Voiced b.

ფaspirated p: a puff of airIn ფა
i

pa (aspirated). Aspirated p: a puff, not f.

პejective p: tight, poppedIn პა
i

p’a. Ejective p; the apostrophe in the hint marks its release.

დvoiced d: throat buzzesIn და
i

da

თaspirated t: a puff of airIn თა
i

ta (aspirated). Aspirated t, not English th.

ტejective t: tight, poppedIn ტა
i

t’a. Ejective t.

გvoiced g: throat buzzesIn გა
i

ga

ქaspirated k: a puff of airIn ქა
i

ka (aspirated)

კejective k: tight, poppedIn კა
i

k’a

ძvoiced dz, as in “beds”In ძა
i

dza

ცaspirated ts: a puff of airIn ცა
i

tsa (aspirated)

წejective ts: tight, poppedIn წა
i

ts’a

ჯvoiced j, as in “jam”In ჯა
i

ja

ჩaspirated ch: a puff of airIn ჩა
i

cha (aspirated)

ჭejective ch: tight, poppedIn ჭა
i

ch’a

ყejective q: deep, poppedIn ყა
i

q’a. Uvular ejective, made farther back than კ.

ხkh, as in German “Bach”In ხა
i

kha. Voiceless back friction, like ch in German Bach.

ღgh: like kh with a buzzIn ღა
i

gha. Voiced back friction, not a stop g.

ზIn ზა
i

za

ჟIn ჟა
i

zha

შIn შა
i

sha

ჰIn ჰა
i

ha