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Konjunktiv I — indirect speech

B2

Sie sagte, sie habe keine Zeit. Konjunktiv I marks that you are reporting what others said — typical of news, reports and newspapers, a sign of formal language mastery.

  • Subjunctive I (reported speech)

Explanation

With Konjunktiv I you report what someone else has said — this is called indirect speech. You signal: Das ist nicht meine Aussage, ich berichte sie nur. It is very common in news, reports and formal texts.

Konjunktiv I differs from the normal form mainly in the 3rd person singular. You add -e to the verb stem: er sagt → er sage, sie kommt → sie komme, er geht → er gehe.

The forms of sein and haben are important: Er sei krank. Sie habe keine Zeit. This is how you report what the person said about themselves.

Compare direct and indirect speech: Ich bin krank. — Er sagt, er sei krank. Ich komme später. — Sie sagt, sie komme später.

Direct speechVerbIndirect speech (Konjunktiv I)
Ich bin krank.seinEr sagt, er sei krank.
Ich habe keine Zeit.habenSie sagt, sie habe keine Zeit.
Ich komme später.kommenEr sagt, er komme später.
Ich gehe nach Hause.gehenSie sagt, sie gehe nach Hause.
Wir haben Hunger.haben (Plural → Konjunktiv II)Sie sagen, sie hätten Hunger.

Find words

Which Konjunktiv I form fits?

Konjunktiv I or Konjunktiv II?

Put sentences in order

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Grammar in context

Read these texts to consolidate what you learned. They fit this grammar lesson especially well.

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