weil, da, and obwohl

B1

weil and da give reasons, obwohl expresses an unexpected contrast: Ich gehe raus, obwohl es regnet. With these you argue and explain more precisely.

  • Causal subordinate clauses (weil / da)
  • Concessive clauses with 'obwohl'

Reason: weil and da

With weil and da you give a reason (because, since). Both introduce a subordinate clause with a comma before it. In the subordinate clause, the verb goes at the very end:

  1. weil — the normal connector for a reason, especially when speaking: Ich bleibe zu Hause, weil ich krank bin.
  2. da — same meaning, often more formal and usually at the beginning of the sentence: Da das Wetter schlecht ist, nehmen wir den Bus.

Compare main clause and subordinate clause: In the main clause, the verb goes in position 2; in the subordinate clause, it moves to the end: Ich bin müde. Ich gehe früh ins Bett, weil ich müde bin.

ConnectorMeaningExample (verb at end)
weilbecauseIch bleibe zu Hause, weil ich krank bin.
weilbecauseSie lernt Deutsch, weil sie in Berlin wohnt.
dasinceDa das Wetter schlecht ist, nehmen wir den Bus.
dasinceDa er keine Zeit hat, kommt er später.

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weil or da?

Concession: obwohl

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Grammar in context

Read these texts to consolidate what you learned. They fit this grammar lesson especially well.

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