Module 8Grammar reviewPremium
Hungarian in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Fáj a fejem, rosszul vagyok
Health and body possession
A body part is often possessed: . Some stems shorten or lose a vowel: , . Paired body parts are often singular in ordinary Hungarian.
Pain is , with the body part as subject. Feelings can be , . The reflexive object means myself; are yourself familiar/polite. Polite questions use third-person forms, such as
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| My head hurts. | ||
| My head hurts. | ||
| My throat hurts. | ||
| My throat hurts. | ||
| My hand is cold. | ||
| My hand is cold. | ||
| I feel unwell. | ||
| I feel unwell. | ||
| I feel well. | ||
| I feel well. | ||
| How do you feel, politely? | ||
| How do you feel, politely? | ||
Fáj a fejem.My head hurts.
Fáj a torkom.My throat hurts.
Hideg a kezem.My hand is cold.
Rosszul vagyok.I feel unwell.
Jól érzem magam.I feel well.
Ön hogy érzi magát?How do you feel, politely?
1995. július 10.
Appointments, years and birth dates
Hungarian dates put year before month and day. The birth date is ; in a sentence use . is the same for male and female learners.
The year can be read . An appointment in two weeks is . means earlier. Requests can use .
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I was born on the tenth of July. | ||
| I was born on the tenth of July. | ||
| Nineteen ninety-five. | ||
| Nineteen ninety-five. | ||
| In two weeks. | ||
| In two weeks. | ||
| I would like an appointment. | ||
| I would like an appointment. | ||
| Is an earlier time possible? | ||
| Is an earlier time possible? | ||
| I was born in 1995. | ||
| I was born in 1995. | ||
Július tizedikén születtem.I was born on the tenth of July.
Ezerkilencszázkilencvenöt.Nineteen ninety-five.
Két hét múlva.In two weeks.
Időpontot szeretnék.I would like an appointment.
Nem lehet korábban?Is an earlier time possible?
1995-ben születtem.I was born in 1995.
Nyissa ki, igyon, egyen
Advice and clear commands
Polite commands take third-person forms: , , . Familiar equivalents are , , . A definite mouth object uses the definite command; generic water/fruit uses indefinite.
A since phrase can be . Until adds -ig: . A noun like describes being at rehearsal. is an explained I got soaked past form needed for the visit.
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Ilona, drink water, politely. | ||
| Ilona, drink water, politely. | ||
| Lili, drink water. | ||
| Lili, drink water. | ||
| Ilona, eat fruit, politely. | ||
| Ilona, eat fruit, politely. | ||
| Lili, eat fruit. | ||
| Lili, eat fruit. | ||
| I have been ill since Saturday. | ||
| I have been ill since Saturday. | ||
| You need to stay in bed until Saturday. | ||
| You need to stay in bed until Saturday. | ||
Ilona néni, igyon vizet.Ilona, drink water, politely.
Lili, igyál vizet.Lili, drink water.
Ilona néni, egyen gyümölcsöt.Ilona, eat fruit, politely.
Lili, egyél gyümölcsöt.Lili, eat fruit.
Szombat óta beteg vagyok.I have been ill since Saturday.
Szombatig ágyban kell maradni.You need to stay in bed until Saturday.
For ongoing illness, Hungarian uses the present with : . The doctor’s room uses formal address. In her doctor role-play, Lili also deliberately imitates formal commands and questions, even though she normally uses familiar address.
The temperature chunk means thirty-seven point five. Here separates the whole-number part from the decimal part.
Olvastam, olvastál, olvasta
Regular past and object conjugation
Past uses -t/-tt plus person endings. Indefinite read: . Definite read: . First-person singular forms can coincide, so use the object and context.
An intransitive work paradigm is . Past negative is normally plus the same person form. Irregular stems are learned with common verbs rather than forced into one pattern.
| Person | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| I — read, past indefinite | ||
| I — read, past indefinite | ||
| you, familiar — read, past indefinite | ||
| you, familiar — read, past indefinite | ||
| · | he/she/you polite — read, past indefinite | |
| he/she/you polite — read, past indefinite | ||
| we — read, past indefinite | ||
| we — read, past indefinite | ||
| you familiar plural — read, past indefinite | ||
| you familiar plural — read, past indefinite | ||
| · | they/you polite plural — read, past indefinite | |
| they/you polite plural — read, past indefinite | ||
Én egy könyvet olvastam.I read a book, past.
Te egy könyvet olvastál.You read a book, past.
Te a könyvet olvastad.You read the book, past.
Ő egy könyvet olvasott.He/she read a book, past.
Ő a könyvet olvasta.He/she read the book, past.
Mi a könyvet olvastuk.We read the book, past.
| Person | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| I — read, past definite | ||
| I — read, past definite | ||
| You (familiar singular) — read, past definite | ||
| You (familiar singular) — read, past definite | ||
| He/she/you polite — read, past definite | ||
| He/she/you polite — read, past definite | ||
| We — read, past definite | ||
| We — read, past definite | ||
| You (familiar plural) — read, past definite | ||
| You (familiar plural) — read, past definite | ||
| They/you polite plural — read, past definite | ||
| They/you polite plural — read, past definite | ||
Other frequent past chunks here are I got up and gave. In the pharmacy, means take or swallow medicine; without that prefix can mean buy. The prefix and object together determine the meaning. Prefixes often follow commands: , take the medicine.
Naponta háromszor
Frequency and taking medicine
Repetition uses -szor/-szer/-ször: . Per day is . A phrase like uses singular after two and accusative for what is taken.
and are time postposition phrases. The verb prefix can follow a command: . Learn this instruction as prescribed; it is not the same as generic buying .
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Three times a day. | ||
| Three times a day. | ||
| Twice a day. | ||
| Twice a day. | ||
| Take two tablets. | ||
| Take two tablets. | ||
| Take it after a meal. | ||
| Take it after a meal. | ||
| Take the medicine according to the prescription. | ||
| Take the medicine according to the prescription. | ||
| Bence gave earplugs. | ||
| Bence gave earplugs. | ||
Naponta háromszor.Three times a day.
Naponta kétszer.Twice a day.
Két tablettát vegyen be.Take two tablets.
Étkezés után vegye be.Take it after a meal.
A gyógyszert a recept szerint vegye be.Take the medicine according to the prescription.
Bence füldugót adott.Bence gave earplugs.
Practice 1/4 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
.
I feel well.
?
Is an earlier time possible?
.
I have been ill since Saturday.
.
He/she read the book, past.
Practice 2/4 · The right form
Choose the form 1
Choose the right word for the gap.
Én egy könyvet.
I read (past) a book.
Te egy könyvet.
You (familiar singular) read (past) a book.
Ő egy könyvet.
He/she read (past) a book.
Mi egy könyvet.
We read (past) a book.
Ti egy könyvet.
You (familiar plural) read (past) a book.
Ők egy könyvet.
They read (past) a book.
Choose the form 2
Choose the right word for the gap.
Én a könyvet.
I read (past) the book.
Te a könyvet.
You (familiar singular) read (past) the book.
Ő a könyvet.
He/she read (past) the book.
Mi a könyvet.
We read (past) the book.
Ti a könyvet.
You (familiar plural) read (past) the book.
Ők a könyvet.
They read (past) the book.
Practice 3/4 · Fill the gaps
Recall the form 1
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Én egy könyvet.
I read (past) a book.
Te egy könyvet.
You (familiar singular) read (past) a book.
Ő egy könyvet.
He/she read (past) a book.
Mi egy könyvet.
We read (past) a book.
Ti egy könyvet.
You (familiar plural) read (past) a book.
Ők egy könyvet.
They read (past) a book.
Recall the form 2
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Én a könyvet.
I read (past) the book.
Te a könyvet.
You (familiar singular) read (past) the book.
Ő a könyvet.
He/she read (past) the book.
Mi a könyvet.
We read (past) the book.
Ti a könyvet.
You (familiar plural) read (past) the book.
Ők a könyvet.
They read (past) the book.
Practice 4/4 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
I feel well.
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
I feel well.
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
Is an earlier time possible?
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
Is an earlier time possible?
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
I have been ill since Saturday.
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
I have been ill since Saturday.
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
He/she read the book, past.
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
He/she read the book, past.
You say:
Use the meaning and Hungarian pattern explained in this unit.
Unit complete
