Module 8Grammar reviewPremium

Italian in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Mi fa male

In Italian, to say that one body part hurts, use with a singular noun: For more than one thing, use :

With a person as the target, Italian can use : This means Marco's throat hurts.

There is also a fixed expression: . It means “I have a headache.” You can learn it as one chunk. For A1, both and are useful.

Notice the little word . It means “to me.” In health phrases, it comes before the verb: , .

Use to say when something started and is still true now: This means you started feeling bad on Saturday and you still feel bad.

To ask, use For example:

For birthdays and personal information, learn or as a useful chunk. You can also say the full date: / .

Use for “earlier” or “before”: = “Is earlier possible?”

For simple advice and instructions, Italian often uses the imperative: , , . With politeness, common forms are chunks such as , , , .

Use for something that started in the past and is still true: Use for a finished duration or a planned time:

A basic condition uses + present: This is very common and useful at A1 level.

For negative advice with , Italian often uses + infinitive: You already know this from simple rules and prohibitions.

Use for finished past actions that matter now. It has two parts: a present helper verb and a past participle. With many verbs, use : , , .

Regular participles often end in -ato, -uto or -ito: , , . Common irregular forms include , , , , and .

Some common verbs use : , , , . Learn the helper with the verb: , but . Reflexive routines also use : .

With , the participle agrees with the person: for a man, for a woman. With , usually there is no agreement at this level.

Direct object pronouns can replace a thing or person: , , , . They usually go before the present verb: = “I take it.”

With an infinitive, the pronoun can go after and join to it: , . At A1, you can also hear and .

These forms are useful with medicine, food, and objects: = “I take them after meals.”

For quantities, keep using simple expressions like , , , .

Practice 1/6 · Finding words

Tap the form practised in this unit.

Practice 2/6 · The right form

Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.

As Lukas
e mi fa male la testa.
I am ill and my head hurts.
As Lena
e mi fa male la testa.
I am ill and my head hurts.
As Lukas
Sono nel 1995.
I was born in 1995.
As Lena
Sono nel 1995.
I was born in 1995.
As Lukas
Se sei , dormi.
If you are tired, sleep.
As Lena
Se sei , dormi.
If you are tired, sleep.
As Lukas
Venerdì mi sono molto.
On Friday I got very wet.
As Lena
Venerdì mi sono molto.
On Friday I got very wet.
As Lukas
Il dottore? Lo domani mattina.
The doctor? I call him / her tomorrow morning.
As Lena
La dottoressa? La domani mattina.
The doctor? I call him / her tomorrow morning.
la gola.
My throat hurts.
Sto male sabato.
I have been ill since Saturday.
la bocca.
Open your mouth.

Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

As Lukas
Se sei , dormi.
If you are tired, sleep.
As Lena
Se sei , dormi.
If you are tired, sleep.
As Lukas
Venerdì mi sono molto.
On Friday I got very wet.
As Lena
Venerdì mi sono molto.
On Friday I got very wet.
As Lukas
Il dottore? Lo domani mattina.
The doctor? I call him / her tomorrow morning.
As Lena
La dottoressa? La domani mattina.
The doctor? I call him / her tomorrow morning.
la gola.
My throat hurts.
Sto male sabato.
I have been ill since Saturday.
la bocca.
Open your mouth.