Module 4Grammar reviewPremium
Korean in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
우리 가족 / 아홉 살
, and are natural Korean phrases even when English says my. is also a polite way to describe your own family. The noun has no grammatical gender.
Ages commonly use native numbers plus : , , . Before , use , , , and : . A formal profile can use with Sino-Korean numbers, but ordinary conversation here uses .
Use after a peer’s name and a suitable title for an older adult. Our landlady is . Refer to the doctor as . Courtesy does not require using the English word you.
7월 10일 / 형, 오빠, 누나, 언니
| Male Speaker | Female Speaker | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| my older brother | ||
| my older brother | ||
| my older sister | ||
| my older sister | ||
| my younger brother | ||
| my younger brother | ||
| my younger sister | ||
| my younger sister | ||
Dates use Sino-Korean numbers with , and . is July tenth. June is , not ; October is , not . marks a date for an event: .
For your older brother, a male speaker says and a female speaker says . For an older sister, a male speaker says and a female speaker says . Younger siblings are and . These are relationships from the speaker’s perspective, not grammatical noun gender.
asks when a birthday is. For turning ten, learn . is the ordinary polite form of . A family count uses a native number plus .
키가 커요 / 눈이 갈색이에요
means is tall, literally the height is big. means has long hair. Give a body part as the subject of the description; there is no need to translate every English has with a possession verb.
Colour names can act as nouns: . Describing verbs end the clause: . Do not add to or .
means has many friends. A plural marker is usually unnecessary when the quantity is clear. You can keep descriptions separate instead of creating a long chain before a noun.
큰 것 / 작은 것 / 반씩
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| the big one | ||
| the big one | ||
| the small one | ||
| the small one | ||
| long hair | ||
| long hair | ||
| short hair | ||
| short hair | ||
To put a description before a noun, many describing stems take after a consonant or after a vowel: , . With an understood item, use : , . In conversation is common.
can come directly before a noun as a colour label: . For now choose with a short phrase rather than building several clauses. Remember that is not .
means half each. means fourteen thousand won each. attaches to the quantity; it does not change the currency noun into a plural.
이었어요 / 였어요 / 있었어요
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| was a student | ||
| was a student | ||
| was a doctor | ||
| was a doctor | ||
| was at home | ||
| was at home | ||
| had no time | ||
| had no time | ||
For was/were with a noun, use after a consonant and after a vowel: , . These endings are the same for every person. They describe a past identity, not a completed action.
means was/were there or had; means was/were not there or did not have. Learn these frequent state forms now. says was not when denying an identity.
Time words such as and place a short sentence in the past. Productive past action verbs come in module 7. Until then, recognise these useful forms as a small, fixed group.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Spot the patterns again
Tap the highlighted form described in this unit.
.
Jiwoo is nine years old.
.
My birthday is July tenth.
.
He/she is tall.
.
The big sketchbook, please.
.
The sixth month is yuwol.
.
He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the friendly polite form
Choose the form that fits the English meaning and the polite sentence.
As Lukas
저는 루카스예요. 지우는 아홉 이에요.
I am Lukas. Jiwoo is nine years old.
As Lena
저는 레나예요. 지우는 아홉 이에요.
I am Lena. Jiwoo is nine years old.
As Lukas
저는 루카스예요. 생일은 7월 10 이에요.
I am Lukas. My birthday is July tenth.
As Lena
저는 레나예요. 생일은 7월 10 이에요.
I am Lena. My birthday is July tenth.
키가 .
He/she is tall.
스케치북 주세요.
The big sketchbook, please.
지훈 씨는 학생 .
Jihun was a student.
동생은 살이에요.
My younger sibling is twenty.
6월은 이에요.
The sixth month is yuwol.
눈이 갈색 .
He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete a short message
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
키가 .
He/she is tall.
스케치북 주세요.
The big sketchbook, please.
지훈 씨는 학생.
Jihun was a student.
동생은 살이에요.
My younger sibling is twenty.
6월은 이에요.
The sixth month is yuwol.
눈이 갈색.
He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build useful sentences
Put the words in order.
As Lukas
I am Lukas. Yes. He/she is tall.
As Lena
I am Lena. Yes. He/she is tall.
As Lukas
I am Lukas. The big sketchbook, please.
As Lena
I am Lena. The big sketchbook, please.
Jihun was a student.
My younger sibling is twenty.
Yes. The sixth month is yuwol.
Yes. He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
Jiwoo is nine years old.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
Jiwoo is nine years old.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
My birthday is July tenth.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
My birthday is July tenth.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she is tall.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she is tall.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The big sketchbook, please.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The big sketchbook, please.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sixth month is yuwol.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sixth month is yuwol.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she has brown eyes.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she has brown eyes.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
