The basic past and comparing places
For the polite past, add after a stem whose last vowel is or , and after other stems. Vowels often merge: 가다 → 갔어요, 먹다 → 먹었어요, 보다 → 봤어요. 하다 → 했어요 is especially common. These forms work for every person.
For a describing verb the same past pattern describes a previous state: , . The earlier forms , and noun plus belong to this broader past family.
For a comparison, put after the reference noun, then often : . means less. The compared adjective does not agree with gender, number or person.
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| went | ||
| went | ||
| ate | ||
| ate | ||
| did | ||
| did | ||
| was cold | ||
| was cold | ||
어제 추웠어요.It was cold yesterday.
어제 집에 갔어요.I went home yesterday.
어제 빵을 먹었어요.I ate bread yesterday.
어제 일을 했어요.I worked yesterday.
함부르크보다 더 추워요.It is colder than Hamburg.
여기는 더 따뜻해요.It is warmer here.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the useful forms
Tap the highlighted form described in this unit.
.
It was cold yesterday.
.
I went home yesterday.
.
I ate bread yesterday.
.
I worked yesterday.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the friendly polite form
Choose the form that fits the English meaning and the polite sentence.
어제 .
It was cold yesterday.
어제 집에 .
I went home yesterday.
어제 빵을 .
I ate bread yesterday.
어제 일을 .
I worked yesterday.
함부르크 더 추워요.
It is colder than Hamburg.
여기는 따뜻해요.
It is warmer here.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete a short message
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
어제 빵을 .
I ate bread yesterday.
어제 일을 .
I worked yesterday.
함부르크 더 추워요.
It is colder than Hamburg.
여기는 따뜻해요.
It is warmer here.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build useful sentences
Put the words in order.
I ate bread yesterday.
I worked yesterday.
It is colder than Hamburg.
It is warmer here.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
It was cold yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
It was cold yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I went home yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I went home yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I ate bread yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I ate bread yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I worked yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I worked yesterday.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
