Module 4Grammar reviewPremium
Korean in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
우리 가족 / 아홉 살
, and are natural Korean phrases even when English says my. is also a polite way to describe your own family. The noun has no grammatical gender.
Ages commonly use native numbers plus : , , . Before , use , , , and : . A formal profile can use with Sino-Korean numbers, but ordinary conversation here uses .
Use after a peer’s name and a suitable title for an older adult. Our landlady is . Refer to the doctor as . Courtesy does not require using the English word you.
7월 10일 / 형, 오빠, 누나, 언니
| Male Speaker | Female Speaker | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| my older brother | ||
| my older brother | ||
| my older sister | ||
| my older sister | ||
| my younger brother | ||
| my younger brother | ||
| my younger sister | ||
| my younger sister | ||
Dates use Sino-Korean numbers with , and . is July tenth. June is , not ; October is , not . marks a date for an event: .
For your older brother, a male speaker says and a female speaker says . For an older sister, a male speaker says and a female speaker says . Younger siblings are and . These are relationships from the speaker’s perspective, not grammatical noun gender.
asks when a birthday is. For turning ten, learn . is the ordinary polite form of . A family count uses a native number plus .
키가 커요 / 눈이 갈색이에요
means is tall, literally the height is big. means has long hair. Give a body part as the subject of the description; there is no need to translate every English has with a possession verb.
Colour names can act as nouns: . Describing verbs end the clause: . Do not add to or .
means has many friends. A plural marker is usually unnecessary when the quantity is clear. You can keep descriptions separate instead of creating a long chain before a noun.
큰 것 / 작은 것 / 반씩
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| the big one | ||
| the big one | ||
| the small one | ||
| the small one | ||
| long hair | ||
| long hair | ||
| short hair | ||
| short hair | ||
To put a description before a noun, many describing stems take after a consonant or after a vowel: , . With an understood item, use : , . In conversation is common.
can come directly before a noun as a colour label: . For now choose with a short phrase rather than building several clauses. Remember that is not .
means half each. means fourteen thousand won each. attaches to the quantity; it does not change the currency noun into a plural.
이었어요 / 였어요 / 있었어요
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| was a student | ||
| was a student | ||
| was a doctor | ||
| was a doctor | ||
| was at home | ||
| was at home | ||
| had no time | ||
| had no time | ||
For was/were with a noun, use after a consonant and after a vowel: , . These endings are the same for every person. They describe a past identity, not a completed action.
means was/were there or had; means was/were not there or did not have. Learn these frequent state forms now. says was not when denying an identity.
Time words such as and place a short sentence in the past. Productive past action verbs come in module 7. Until then, recognise these useful forms as a small, fixed group.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Spot the patterns again
Tap the highlighted form described in this unit.
.
Jiwoo is nine years old.
.
My birthday is July tenth.
.
He/she is tall.
.
The big sketchbook, please.
.
The sixth month is yuwol.
.
He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the friendly polite form
Choose the form that fits the English meaning and the polite sentence.
As Lukas
저는 루카스예요. 지우는 아홉 이에요.
I am Lukas. Jiwoo is nine years old.
As Lena
저는 레나예요. 지우는 아홉 이에요.
I am Lena. Jiwoo is nine years old.
As Lukas
저는 루카스예요. 생일은 7월 10 이에요.
I am Lukas. My birthday is July tenth.
As Lena
저는 레나예요. 생일은 7월 10 이에요.
I am Lena. My birthday is July tenth.
키가 .
He/she is tall.
스케치북 주세요.
The big sketchbook, please.
지훈 씨는 학생 .
Jihun was a student.
동생은 살이에요.
My younger sibling is twenty.
6월은 이에요.
The sixth month is yuwol.
눈이 갈색 .
He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete a short message
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
키가 .
He/she is tall.
키가 .
He/she is tall.
스케치북 주세요.
The big sketchbook, please.
스케치북 주세요.
The big sketchbook, please.
지훈 씨는 학생.
Jihun was a student.
지훈 씨는 학생.
Jihun was a student.
동생은 살이에요.
My younger sibling is twenty.
동생은 살이에요.
My younger sibling is twenty.
6월은 이에요.
The sixth month is yuwol.
6월은 이에요.
The sixth month is yuwol.
눈이 갈색.
He/she has brown eyes.
눈이 갈색.
He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build useful sentences
Put the words in order.
Too hard? Listen to the sentence first.
As Lukas
I am Lukas. Yes. He/she is tall.
As Lena
I am Lena. Yes. He/she is tall.
As Lukas
I am Lukas. The big sketchbook, please.
As Lena
I am Lena. The big sketchbook, please.
Jihun was a student.
My younger sibling is twenty.
Yes. The sixth month is yuwol.
Yes. He/she has brown eyes.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
Jiwoo is nine years old.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
Jiwoo is nine years old.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
My birthday is July tenth.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
My birthday is July tenth.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she is tall.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she is tall.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The big sketchbook, please.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The big sketchbook, please.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sixth month is yuwol.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sixth month is yuwol.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she has brown eyes.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
He/she has brown eyes.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
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