Module 2Grammar reviewPremium
Korean in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
독일 사람이에요 / 한국어를 해요
Use a country plus for nationality: . A language name often ends in : , . The language itself is not a person.
The object, the thing an action acts on, takes after a consonant and after a vowel. Compare and . Everyday speech can omit the particle, but practise both forms.
is the polite pronoun I; is its subject form. alone means my. Keep and distinct. A name can replace a pronoun, so you need not guess the person’s gender.
이 / 가 / 뭐가 있어요?
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| There is a desk. | ||
| There is a desk. | ||
| There is a sofa. | ||
| There is a sofa. | ||
| Who is there? | ||
| Who is there? | ||
| I am here. | ||
| I am here. | ||
The subject particle is after a final consonant and after a vowel. It often marks what exists or what you are identifying: , . The noun takes the particle, not the verb.
frames the topic; identifies the subject within the message. can open a description of the home, then says what is there. These are useful starting patterns, rather than an absolute rule for every context.
asks what there is. means who as a subject, and means I as a subject. works for both one and several things; a plural ending is not needed after a number.
욕실에 있어요 / 작아요
Use location plus , followed by or , to say where something is: . This is location, not movement.
Korean describing words can end a sentence themselves. 작다 → 작아요 means is small; 크다 → 커요 means is big. Do not add to these polite forms. They stay the same for every person.
For now give separate short descriptions: Using a describing word before a noun requires another form, which we meet later. Colours used as nouns take : .
에서 일해요 / 해도 돼요?
marks the place where an action happens: . Contrast static location . Use for being somewhere and for doing something there.
Learn and as permission questions: May I use it? May I take it? allows it; refuses. The full productive permission pattern is revisited after the basic verb forms are established.
means together. It comes before the action: . You can offer an activity with a question in the normal polite present, without learning a separate let-us ending yet.
도와요 / 가져가요 / 같이
가다 → 가요, 오다 → 와요, 가져가다 → 가져가요 and 가져오다 → 가져와요 show common vowel mergers. Take something away with ; bring it here with .
돕다 → 도와요 changes its final consonant. is the useful polite request Please help. Learn this frequent form now; module 7 groups consonant-changing verbs.
Add directly to a noun for too: , . It commonly replaces a subject or object particle. To ask who does something, use : .
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Spot the patterns again
Tap the highlighted form described in this unit.
.
I am German.
.
There is a bed.
.
The sofa is in the bathroom.
.
I work at the café.
?
What is there?
.
The sofa is big.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the friendly polite form
Choose the form that fits the English meaning and the polite sentence.
As Lukas
저는 루카스예요. 독일 사람 .
I am Lukas. I am German.
As Lena
저는 레나예요. 독일 사람 .
I am Lena. I am German.
As Lukas
저는 루카스예요. 침대 있어요.
I am Lukas. There is a bed.
As Lena
저는 레나예요. 침대 있어요.
I am Lena. There is a bed.
소파가 욕실 있어요.
The sofa is in the bathroom.
카페 일해요.
I work at the café.
누가 ?
Who helps?
이름 써요.
I write my name.
있어요?
What is there?
소파가 .
The sofa is big.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete a short message
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
소파가 욕실 있어요.
The sofa is in the bathroom.
카페 일해요.
I work at the café.
누가 ?
Who helps?
이름 써요.
I write my name.
있어요?
What is there?
소파가 .
The sofa is big.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build useful sentences
Put the words in order.
As Lukas
I am Lukas. The sofa is in the bathroom.
As Lena
I am Lena. The sofa is in the bathroom.
As Lukas
I am Lukas. Yes. I work at the café.
As Lena
I am Lena. Yes. I work at the café.
Yes. Who helps?
Yes. I write my name.
Yes. What is there?
Yes. The sofa is big.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
I am German.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I am German.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
There is a bed.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
There is a bed.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sofa is in the bathroom.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sofa is in the bathroom.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I work at the café.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
I work at the café.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
What is there?
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
What is there?
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sofa is big.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
The sofa is big.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
