Module 10Grammar reviewPremium
Latvian in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Vienai naktij, ar brokastīm
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I will be at home. | ||
| I will be at home. | ||
| You will be at home, familiar. | ||
| You will be at home, familiar. | ||
| He will be at home. | ||
| He will be at home. | ||
| We will be at home. | ||
| We will be at home. | ||
| You will be at home, polite. | ||
| You will be at home, polite. | ||
| They will be at home. | ||
| They will be at home. | ||
| I will not be at home. | ||
| I will not be at home. | ||
| You will not be at home, polite. | ||
| You will not be at home, polite. | ||
Reserve with . The room is an accusative object. is a single room; is a double room. In an order use .
means for one night: feminine dative numeral and sixth-class noun. With breakfast is , a plural dative after . is a fixed hotel phrase, breakfast is included.
Review future persons for a visit: . The hotel says , see you on Sunday, as a natural farewell.
Dzīvoju, dzīvoju desmit gadus
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I have lived here for ten years. | ||
| I have lived here for ten years. | ||
| I have worked here since March. | ||
| I have worked here since March. | ||
| · | · | I am German. |
| I am German. | ||
| · | · | I am an engineer. |
| I am an engineer. | ||
| I can design furniture. | ||
| I can design furniture. | ||
| I can start. | ||
| I can start. | ||
| I came for the job. | ||
| I came for the job. | ||
| You came for the job, polite. | ||
| You came for the job, polite. | ||
For an ongoing length, Latvian can use present plus a duration: , I have lived here for ten years. A starting point uses : .
A finished experience has past: , I worked there for three years. Context and time words distinguish same-looking first-person forms. Finite verbs do not change with the learner’s gender.
Nationality and occupation do: . Answer the interview in simple identity, language, skill and experience statements. A reason can simply be .
Aicinu, nevarēšu
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I will not be able to come. | ||
| I will not be able to come. | ||
| You will not be able to come, familiar. | ||
| You will not be able to come, familiar. | ||
| He will not be able to come. | ||
| He will not be able to come. | ||
| We will not be able to come. | ||
| We will not be able to come. | ||
| You will not be able to come, polite. | ||
| You will not be able to come, polite. | ||
| They will not be able to come. | ||
| They will not be able to come. | ||
| · | · | I will cook myself. |
| I will cook myself. | ||
| · | · | You will cook yourself, polite. |
| You will cook yourself, polite. | ||
Invite a person with an accusative: . The activity is a destination phrase: , a plural dative after . Say for at my place.
Refuse with , sorry, I will not be able to. The future of is . Negative adds .
needs a negative verb: . A plural all is , or for a feminine group. Say to suggest another time.
Mans, tavs, viņa
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| That is my suitcase. | ||
| That is my suitcase. | ||
| That is my key. | ||
| That is my key. | ||
| I found the key. | ||
| I found the key. | ||
| You found the key, familiar. | ||
| You found the key, familiar. | ||
| We found the key. | ||
| We found the key. | ||
| You found the key, polite. | ||
| You found the key, polite. | ||
| · | · | You were ill, familiar. |
| You were ill, familiar. | ||
| · | · | You were ill, polite. |
| You were ill, polite. | ||
For whose, ask . Answer with a dative owner or an agreeing possessive: , masculine object; , feminine object. Third-person ownership stays , his, or , her.
A lost thing uses : . All past persons are . A find uses : .
An owned adjective has the form for the thing, not the learner’s sex. For a learner’s past illness say . The old attic key and the things keep their original owners.
Palieku, palikšu
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I am staying here. | ||
| I am staying here. | ||
| I will stay here. | ||
| I will stay here. | ||
| I was here yesterday. | ||
| I was here yesterday. | ||
| I am here now. | ||
| I am here now. | ||
| I will be here tomorrow. | ||
| I will be here tomorrow. | ||
| I stay because I like it here. | ||
| I stay because I like it here. | ||
| · | · | I am happy. |
| I am happy. | ||
| · | · | You are happy, polite. |
| You are happy, polite. | ||
A current decision can be , I am staying. The future is , I will stay. Use a short reason with and a condition with .
Review , I was; , I am; , I will be. Finite verb endings show the person, while the describing word shows gender: .
Invite a familiar friend with . Thank everyone with . A plan can be , we will go by train, with an ordinary future form.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Find the module patterns
Tap the form taught in this module.
As Lukas
.
I am German.
As Lena
.
I am German.
As Lukas
.
I am an engineer.
As Lena
.
I am an engineer.
.
I will be at home.
.
I have lived here for ten years.
.
I will not be able to come.
.
That is my suitcase.
.
I am staying here.
.
You will be at home, familiar.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form 1
Choose the right word for the gap.
As Lukas
Es esmu .
I am German.
As Lena
Es esmu .
I am German.
As Lukas
Es esmu .
I am an engineer.
As Lena
Es esmu .
I am an engineer.
Es mājās.
I will be at home.
Es dzīvoju te desmit .
I have lived here for ten years.
Es nākt.
I will not be able to come.
Tas ir čemodāns.
That is my suitcase.
Es te.
I am staying here.
Tu mājās.
You will be at home, familiar.
Choose the form 2
Choose the right word for the gap.
Es strādāju te kopš .
I have worked here since March.
Tu nākt.
You will not be able to come, familiar.
Tā ir atslēga.
That is my key.
Es te.
I will stay here.
Viņš mājās.
He will be at home.
Viņš nākt.
He will not be able to come.
Es atslēgu.
I found the key.
Es te vakar.
I was here yesterday.
Choose the form 3
Choose the right word for the gap.
Mēs mājās.
We will be at home.
Mēs nākt.
We will not be able to come.
Tu atslēgu.
You found the key, familiar.
Es te tagad.
I am here now.
Jūs mājās.
You will be at home, polite.
Es projektēt mēbeles.
I can design furniture.
Jūs nākt.
You will not be able to come, polite.
Mēs atslēgu.
We found the key.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete the messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
As Lukas
Es esmu .
I am German.
As Lena
Es esmu .
I am German.
As Lukas
Es esmu .
I am an engineer.
As Lena
Es esmu .
I am an engineer.
Es mājās.
I will be at home.
Es dzīvoju te desmit .
I have lived here for ten years.
Es nākt.
I will not be able to come.
Tas ir čemodāns.
That is my suitcase.
Es te.
I am staying here.
Tu mājās.
You will be at home, familiar.
Es strādāju te kopš .
I have worked here since March.
Tu nākt.
You will not be able to come, familiar.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Put the messages together
Put the words in order.
That is my key.
I will stay here.
He will be at home.
He will not be able to come.
I found the key.
I was here yesterday.
We will be at home.
We will not be able to come.
You found the key, familiar.
I am here now.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
Use the patterns
Choose the right words for the situation.
As Lukas
I am German.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
As Lena
I am German.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
As Lukas
I am an engineer.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
As Lena
I am an engineer.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I will be at home.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I will be at home.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I have lived here for ten years.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I have lived here for ten years.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I will not be able to come.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I will not be able to come.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
That is my suitcase.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
That is my suitcase.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I am staying here.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
I am staying here.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
You will be at home, familiar.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
You will be at home, familiar.
You say:
Use the form and meaning explained in this module.
Practice 6/6 · Fill the gaps
One more mixed message set
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Jūs mājās.
You will be at home, polite.
Es projektēt mēbeles.
I can design furniture.
Jūs nākt.
You will not be able to come, polite.
Mēs atslēgu.
We found the key.
Unit complete