Module 6Grammar reviewPremium

Latvian in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Uz staciju, no stacijas

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Form	Example	Meaning
		I go to the station.
I go to the station.
		I come from the station.
I come from the station.
		I go to the park.
I go to the park.
		I come from the park.
I come from the park.
		I travel to the lake.
I travel to the lake.
		I come from the lake.
I come from the lake.
		Go left.
Go left.
		Go right.
Go right.

For a destination, takes a singular accusative: . For on a surface, it takes a singular genitive: .

A source with takes singular genitive: . Plural preposition phrases normally use the dative: . takes dative: .

For directions use . and are feminine. Read the transport station and the jazz bar as distinct places.

Kilogramu tomātu

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Form	Example	Meaning
		A kilo of tomatoes, please.
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
		A bottle of milk, please.
A bottle of milk, please.
		Two kilos of potatoes, please.
Two kilos of potatoes, please.
		Half a kilo of cheese, please.
Half a kilo of cheese, please.
		A bottle of milk, please.
A bottle of milk, please.
		A kilo of tomatoes, please.
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
·	·	I am hungry.
I am hungry.
·	·	You are hungry, polite.
You are hungry, polite.

A measure stands before a food noun in genitive: , a kilo of tomatoes, , a bottle of milk. If you order the measure, it is accusative: .

Use for two kilos of potatoes. Potato has a changed genitive plural: kartupelis → kartupeļu. The quantity after how many uses genitive plural too.

Half can combine with a measure: , nominative, , as an order. Food and container endings are independent.

Ar vilcienu, kājām

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Form	Example	Meaning
		I travel by train.
I travel by train.
		I travel by bus.
I travel by bus.
		I travel by car.
I travel by car.
		I travel by bicycle.
I travel by bicycle.
		I go on foot.
I go on foot.
		The train is cancelled.
The train is cancelled.
·	·	I am sure.
I am sure.
·	·	You are sure, polite.
You are sure, polite.

Transport uses plus singular accusative: . On foot is , a useful plural form.

A timetable can use 24-hour numbers: , at 9:12; , 17:40. A present verb can name a scheduled future departure.

Ask . A notice means the train is cancelled; this describing form agrees with masculine . Early is a whole travel plan before full future production.

Varu, nevaru, protu

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Form	Example	Meaning
		I can come.
I can come.
		You can come, familiar.
You can come, familiar.
		He can come.
He can come.
		We can come.
We can come.
		You can come, polite.
You can come, polite.
		They can come.
They can come.
		I cannot come.
I cannot come.
		You cannot come, polite.
You cannot come, polite.

expresses ability or opportunity: . Follow it with the infinitive: . expresses a skill: .

Negative forms are . For a question, put at the beginning: This is a permission request.

means be allowed: . Its early permission formula has already been learned whole. means I am sure; the learner’s gender changes the describing word.

Pretī parkam, starp banku un aptieku

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Form	Example	Meaning
		The school is opposite the park.
The school is opposite the park.
		The post office is next to the bank.
The post office is next to the bank.
		The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
		The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
		Muris is in front of the house.
Muris is in front of the house.
·	·	I am new.
I am new.
·	·	You are new, polite.
You are new, polite.
		The school is by the park.
The school is by the park.

Use and with the dative: , next to the bank; , opposite the park. with two singular places uses accusative: .

A location noun phrase has a genitive owner: , in front of the house; , behind the house. The position noun itself is locative.

A simple plan can use the present with tomorrow: . For a picture location use , the school is by the park, with genitive after .

Practice 1/6 · Finding words

Find the module patterns

Tap the form taught in this module.

As Lukas
.
I am hungry.
As Lena
.
I am hungry.
.
I go to the station.
, .
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
.
I travel by train.
.
I can come.
.
The school is opposite the park.
.
I come from the station.
, .
A bottle of milk, please.

Practice 2/6 · The right form

Choose the form 1

Choose the right word for the gap.

As Lukas
Es esmu .
I am hungry.
As Lena
Es esmu .
I am hungry.
Es eju uz .
I go to the station.
tomātu, lūdzu.
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by train.
Es nākt.
I can come.
Skola ir pretī .
The school is opposite the park.
Es nāku no .
I come from the station.
piena, lūdzu.
A bottle of milk, please.

Choose the form 2

Choose the right word for the gap.

Es braucu ar .
I travel by bus.
Tu nākt.
You can come, familiar.
Pasts ir blakus .
The post office is next to the bank.
Es eju uz .
I go to the park.
Divus kartupeļu, lūdzu.
Two kilos of potatoes, please.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by car.
Viņš nākt.
He can come.
Pasts ir starp un aptieku.
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.

Choose the form 3

Choose the right word for the gap.

Es nāku no .
I come from the park.
Puskilogramu , lūdzu.
Half a kilo of cheese, please.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by bicycle.
Mēs nākt.
We can come.
Pasts ir starp banku un .
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
Es braucu uz .
I travel to the lake.
Pudeli , lūdzu.
A bottle of milk, please.
Es eju .
I go on foot.

Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps

Complete the messages

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

As Lukas
Es esmu .
I am hungry.
As Lena
Es esmu .
I am hungry.
Es eju uz .
I go to the station.
Es eju uz .
I go to the station.
tomātu, lūdzu.
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
tomātu, lūdzu.
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by train.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by train.
Es nākt.
I can come.
Es nākt.
I can come.
Skola ir pretī .
The school is opposite the park.
Skola ir pretī .
The school is opposite the park.
Es nāku no .
I come from the station.
Es nāku no .
I come from the station.
piena, lūdzu.
A bottle of milk, please.
piena, lūdzu.
A bottle of milk, please.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by bus.
Es braucu ar .
I travel by bus.
Tu nākt.
You can come, familiar.
Tu nākt.
You can come, familiar.

Practice 4/6 · Building sentences

Put the messages together

Put the words in order.

Too hard? Listen to the sentence first.

The post office is next to the bank.
I go to the park.
Two kilos of potatoes, please.
I travel by car.
He can come.
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
I come from the park.
Half a kilo of cheese, please.
I travel by bicycle.
We can come.

Practice 5/6 · In situations

Use the patterns

Choose the right words for the situation.

As Lukas
I am hungry.
You say:
As Lena
I am hungry.
You say:
I go to the station.
You say:
I go to the station.
You say:
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
You say:
A kilo of tomatoes, please.
You say:
I travel by train.
You say:
I travel by train.
You say:
I can come.
You say:
I can come.
You say:
The school is opposite the park.
You say:
The school is opposite the park.
You say:
I come from the station.
You say:
I come from the station.
You say:
A bottle of milk, please.
You say:
A bottle of milk, please.
You say:

Practice 6/6 · Fill the gaps

One more mixed message set

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Pasts ir starp banku un .
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
Pasts ir starp banku un .
The post office is between the bank and pharmacy.
Es braucu uz .
I travel to the lake.
Es braucu uz .
I travel to the lake.
Pudeli , lūdzu.
A bottle of milk, please.
Pudeli , lūdzu.
A bottle of milk, please.
Es eju .
I go on foot.
Es eju .
I go on foot.