Nationalities and jobs come in pairs, just like and : a masculine word for a man and a feminine word for a woman. Nationalities are written with a small letter, and there is no word for a or an: I'm German. I'm an engineer.
Where people are from
| Country | Masculine | Feminine | Language | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -is → -ė | ||||
| Lithuania · a Lithuanian · (in) Lithuanian | ||||
| Lithuania · a Lithuanian · (in) Lithuanian | ||||
| Germany · a German · (in) German | ||||
| Germany · a German · (in) German | ||||
| Latvia · a Latvian · (in) Latvian | ||||
| Latvia · a Latvian · (in) Latvian | ||||
| -as → -ė | ||||
| England · an Englishman · (in) English | ||||
| England · an Englishman · (in) English | ||||
| Poland · a Pole · (in) Polish | ||||
| Poland · a Pole · (in) Polish | ||||
| Spain · a Spaniard · (in) Spanish | ||||
| Spain · a Spaniard · (in) Spanish | ||||
The -iškai word says how you speak: I speak Lithuanian.
Jobs
| Masculine | Feminine | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| -ojas · -ėjas → -oja · -ėja | ||
| teacher | ||
| teacher | ||
| baker | ||
| baker | ||
| cook | ||
| cook | ||
| shop assistant | ||
| shop assistant | ||
| Most others: -as · -ius → -ė | ||
| musician | ||
| musician | ||
| student | ||
| student | ||
| engineer | ||
| engineer | ||
To say where someone is from, use , from. The place after changes its ending. This is a new case, the genitive. It answers , of what? or from what?, and you will meet it everywhere in this module: after , after no, after (on), and for whose something is.
+ the genitive: where from?
| Nominative | Genitive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| -as → -o | ||
| · | · | Hamburg · Berlin |
| Hamburg · Berlin | ||
| -a → -os | ||
| · | · | Lithuania · Germany |
| Lithuania · Germany | ||
| -ė → -ės | ||
| the café | ||
| the café | ||
| -ius → -iaus | ||
| Vilnius | ||
| Vilnius | ||
| -is → -ies | ||
| a country · from which country? | ||
| a country · from which country? | ||
People take the genitive after , too: Ona knows from Rūta.
Iš kur jūs?Where are you from?
Aš vokietis, iš Hamburgo.I'm German, from Hamburg.
Aš vokietė, iš Hamburgo.I'm German, from Hamburg.
Aš lietuvė. Aš kalbu lietuviškai.I'm Lithuanian. I speak Lithuanian.
Jonas – muzikantas, o Rūta – kepėja.Jonas is a musician, and Rūta is a baker.
Aš žinau iš Onos.I know from Ona.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Find the words
Tap the nationalities and the jobs.
.
I'm German and an engineer.
.
I'm German and an engineer.
– .
My grandmother is Lithuanian.
– , – .
Jonas is a musician, and Rūta is a baker.
? – , .
Are you a teacher? – No, I'm a student.
, .
He's Latvian, and so is she.
– , .
My neighbour is English, and so is his girlfriend.
. .
He's Polish and a shop assistant, and she's Polish and a shop assistant too.
. .
He's Spanish and a cook, and she's Spanish and a cook too.
– , . .
Jonas isn't a student, he's a musician. His friend is a musician too.
, – .
He's a teacher, and his friend is a baker.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
A man or a woman?
Choose the right word for the gap.
Ona yra .
Ona is Lithuanian.
Lukas yra .
Lukas is German.
Lena yra .
Lena is German.
Jonas yra .
Jonas is a musician.
Rūta yra .
Rūta is a baker.
Ona kalba .
Ona speaks Lithuanian.
Jonas yra .
Jonas is Lithuanian.
Lukas yra .
Lukas is an engineer.
Lena yra .
Lena is an engineer.
Ar jūs , ponia Ona?
Are you a teacher, Mrs Ona?
Ar jūs , ponia Ona?
Are you a teacher, Mrs Ona?
Countries and people
Choose the right word for the gap.
Jis iš Latvijos. Jis .
He's from Latvia. He's Latvian.
Mano kaimynė iš Latvijos. Ji .
My neighbour is from Latvia. She's Latvian.
Jis iš Anglijos. Jis .
He's from England. He's English.
Rūtos draugė iš Anglijos. Ji .
Rūta's friend is from England. She's English.
Mano kaimynas iš Lenkijos. Jis .
My neighbour is from Poland. He's Polish.
Ji iš Lenkijos. Ji .
She's from Poland. She's Polish.
Jonas turi draugą. Jis ne lenkas, jis .
Jonas has a friend. He isn't Polish, he's Spanish.
Ji ne anglė. Ji .
She isn't English. She's Spanish.
Jonas nėra . Jis muzikantas.
Jonas isn't a student. He's a musician.
Ji ne mokytoja. Ji .
She isn't a teacher. She's a student.
Where from?
Choose the right word for the gap.
Aš iš .
I'm from Germany.
Aš iš .
I'm from Germany.
Aš iš .
I'm from Hamburg.
Aš iš .
I'm from Hamburg.
Aš iš .
I'm from Lithuania.
Pyragas iš .
The cake is from the café.
Aš žinau iš .
I know from Ona.
Iš kokios jūs?
Which country are you from?
Aš iš .
I'm from Vilnius.
Ar jūs iš ?
Are you from Berlin?
Ar jūs iš ?
Are you from Berlin?
Mano – Vokietija.
My country is Germany.
Mano – Vokietija.
My country is Germany.
yra Lietuvoje.
Vilnius is in Lithuania.
Practice 3/6 · Questions
Who does what, and where from?
Answer the questions.
Kuo jie dirba?
What do they do? (He and she both teach.)
Kuo jie dirba?
What do they do? (They both cook.)
Kuo jie dirba?
What do they do? (They both work in a shop.)
Kuo jie dirba?
What do they do? (They both bake.)
Kuo dirba Jonas ir jo draugė?
What do Jonas and his friend do? (They both play music.)
Iš kur jūs?
Where are you from? (Ona asks a man from Berlin.)
Iš kokios šalies Ona?
Which country is Ona from?
Kas čia?
What's this? (two photos)
Kur Vilnius?
Where is Vilnius?
Iš kur pyragas?
Where's the cake from?
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Put the words in order
Put the words in order.
I am from Germany.
I am from Germany.
Which languages do you speak?
I speak a little Lithuanian.
I speak a little Lithuanian.
Rūta is a baker, and Jonas a musician.
Hamburg and Berlin are in Germany.
Hamburg and Berlin are in Germany.
My country is Lithuania.
I'm from Lithuania, from Vilnius.
Vilnius is in Lithuania.
Which country are you from?
The café is downstairs, and the cake is from the café.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
The right words
Choose the right words for the situation.
Ona asks where you are from.
You say:
Ona asks where you are from.
You say:
Tell someone that you are German.
You say:
A man is a vokietis, a woman a vokietė. Vokietija is the country.
Tell someone that you are German.
You say:
A man is a vokietis, a woman a vokietė. Vokietija is the country.
Ona asks if you speak Lithuanian. You speak only a little.
You say:
Ona asks if you speak Lithuanian. You speak only a little.
You say:
Ona is talking far too fast.
You say:
Ona is talking far too fast.
You say:
Ona asks where in Germany you are from. You're from Hamburg.
You say:
Ona asks where in Germany you are from. You're from Hamburg.
You say:
A guest in the café speaks German. Rūta asks him if he's from Berlin.
Rūta says:
Elzė asks which country is yours.
You say:
Elzė asks which country is yours.
You say:
You can't find the café. Ask where it is.
You say:
You can't find the café. Ask where it is.
You say:
Practice 6/6 · Matching
People and languages
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
