Module 4Grammar reviewPremium
Module 4 grammar on one page
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Whose? The family
The owner comes first, in the genitive, and owners can be stacked: , my mum's brother. , , , never change.
| Nominative | Genitive | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| · | · | a husband · Jonas · my husband's photo | |
| a husband · Jonas · my husband's photo | |||
| · | · | a brother · dad · dad's brother | |
| a brother · dad · dad's brother | |||
| · | · | a son · Micius · Micius's keys | |
| a son · Micius · Micius's keys | |||
| · | · | mum · Ona · mum's mum | |
| mum · Ona · mum's mum | |||
| · | · | Elzė · a grandmother · Elzė's brother | |
| Elzė · a grandmother · Elzė's brother | |||
| a sister · the sister's daughter | |||
| a sister · the sister's daughter | |||
To whom? Age, presents, likes
The dative is the to- and for-form. It says how old someone is, who gets something, and who likes or needs it.
| Nominative | Dative | Age | Gift | Likes | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| · | · | I'm thirty. · This is for you! · I like tea. | |||
| I'm thirty. · This is for you! · I like tea. | |||||
| · | · | He's twenty. · The fish is for him. · She likes yellow. | |||
| He's twenty. · The fish is for him. · She likes yellow. | |||||
| · | · | How old are you? · Play for us! · Do you like it? | |||
| How old are you? · Play for us! · Do you like it? | |||||
| · · | · · | The son is fifty. · The coffee is for Jonas. · The brother likes cheese. | |||
| The son is fifty. · The coffee is for Jonas. · The brother likes cheese. | |||||
| · | · | Elzė is ten. · A present for Elzė. · Ona likes silence. | |||
| Elzė is ten. · A present for Elzė. · Ona likes silence. | |||||
Years from one to nine: . Then , , and again , .
The accusative plural
| Singular | Plural | Accusative plural | With an adjective | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a key · all the keys | ||||
| a key · all the keys | ||||
| – | hair · long black hair | |||
| hair · long black hair | ||||
| a photo · old photos | ||||
| a photo · old photos | ||||
| a chair · big chairs | ||||
| a chair · big chairs | ||||
| an eye · brown eyes | ||||
| an eye · brown eyes | ||||
, hair, is always plural.
*būti* in the past tense
| Person | Present | Past | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | |||
| I am · I was | |||
| I am · I was | |||
| you are · you were | |||
| you are · you were | |||
| · | he, she, it is · was | ||
| he, she, it is · was | |||
| Plural | |||
| we are · we were | |||
| we are · we were | |||
| you are · you were | |||
| you are · you were | |||
| · | they are · they were | ||
| they are · they were | |||
becomes . Born: , I was born · , , he or she was born.
Practice 1/8 · The right form
A bit of everything
Choose the right word for the gap.
trisdešimt metų.
I'm thirty.
trisdešimt metų.
I'm thirty.
Čia brolis.
This is Elzė's brother.
Jonas turi juodus .
Jonas has black hair.
Čia , Elze!
This is for you, Elzė!
Čia , Elze!
This is for you, Elzė!
Kai aš mažas, gyvenau čia.
When I was little, I lived here.
penkiasdešimt metų.
My son is fifty.
Micius turi žalias .
Micius has green eyes.
As Lukas
Kai aš mažas, gyvenau Hamburge.
When I was little, I lived in Hamburg.
As Lena
Kai aš maža, gyvenau Hamburge.
When I was little, I lived in Hamburg.
Čia mano nuotrauka.
This is my sister's photo.
Čia mano nuotrauka.
This is my sister's photo.
O jūs? Kur jūs , kai jums buvo dešimt?
And you? Where were you when you were ten?
Practice 2/8 · Finding words
Find the words
Tap the words in the dative: whose age it is, who gets it, who likes it.
, .
Elzė is ten, and her brother is six months old.
, !
This is for you, Elzė!
, !
This is for you, Elzė!
, – .
Jonas likes the night, and I like silence.
, ? – !
Mrs Ona, how old are you? – Lots!
, ? – !
Mrs Ona, how old are you? – Lots!
, – .
Ona likes silence, and Jonas likes the trumpet.
Practice 3/8 · The right form
Whose, and what?
Who is it, whose is it, and what do they have?
Čia mano . Jis buvo labai geras žmogus.
This is my husband. He was a very good man.
Tai buvo mano tėvų namas.
It was my husband's parents' house.
Mano dar kūdikis.
My brother is still a baby.
Močiute, o kur nuotrauka?
Grandma, and where's Micius's photo?
O čia mano . Jam čia penkeri metai.
And this is my son. He's five here.
Ar čia jūsų nuotrauka?
Is this your son's photo?
Ar čia jūsų nuotrauka?
Is this your son's photo?
Čia mano , o čia jos vyras.
This is my grandmother, and this is her husband.
Elzė turi plaukus.
Elzė has long hair.
Micius turi žalias akis. Jo didelės.
Micius has green eyes. His eyes are big.
Rūta turi dideles .
Rūta has big chairs.
Practice 4/8 · Questions
Questions and answers
Pick the answer with the right endings.
Kas yra Ona?
Who is Ona?
The owners come first, in the genitive: Elzės mamos mama.
Kas yra Daiva?
Who is Daiva?
Kur buvo Jonas ir Micius?
Where were Jonas and Micius?
jie, they, takes buvo, like jis and ji.
Kas turi visus raktus?
Who has all the keys?
Kam dovana?
Who's the present for?
Whoever gets it is in the dative.
Kam patinka tyla?
Who likes silence?
Ką turi Jonas?
What has Jonas got?
akys is feminine: rudas akis. plaukai is masculine: juodus plaukus.
Ką turi Ona?
What has Ona got?
Kur aš buvau šeštadienį?
Where was I on Saturday?
Kur jūs buvote šeštadienį?
Where were you on Saturday?
Practice 5/8 · Fill the gaps
The photo wall
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Čia mano . Čia dvidešimt metų.
This is my husband. He's twenty in this one.
Jo jau nėra. Jis labai geras žmogus.
He's no longer with us. He was a very good man.
O čia dukra. Ji turi ilgus ir mėlynas .
And this is my daughter. She has long hair and blue eyes.
As Lukas
Mano kaimynas. trisdešimt metų. Jis turi vieną .
My neighbour. Thirty years old. Has one brother.
As Lena
Mano kaimynė. trisdešimt metų. Ji turi vieną .
My neighbour. Thirty years old. Has one brother.
Čia mano nuotrauka, o čia mano .
This is my brother's photo, and this is my grandmother.
Onos mėlynos, kaip Daivos.
Ona's eyes are blue, like Daiva's.
Practice 6/8 · Building sentences
Put the words in order
Put the words in order.
This is my husband's photo.
Grandma, and where's Micius's photo?
Micius has all the keys.
Ona has old photos and big chairs.
And you? Where were you?
Elzė's mum is Ona's daughter.
How old is your brother?
Jonas has brown eyes.
This is for you, Elzė!
This is for you, Elzė!
I lived in your flat when I was little.
Practice 7/8 · In situations
The right words
Choose the right words for the situation.
Ask Daiva, politely, how old her son is.
You say:
Ask Daiva, politely, how old her son is.
You say:
You bring Jonas a cup of tea. Say it's for him.
You say:
You're speaking to him, so tau; jam would be about someone else.
You bring Jonas a cup of tea. Say it's for him.
You say:
You're speaking to him, so tau; jam would be about someone else.
Tell Daiva you were born in Hamburg.
You say:
Tell Daiva you were born in Hamburg.
You say:
Tell Anna that Elzė has long hair.
You say:
Tell Anna that Elzė has long hair.
You say:
As Lukas
Ten-year-old Jonas is in the photo. Tell Elzė you were little once, too.
You say:
aš takes buvau; buvo is for he, she and they.
As Lena
Ten-year-old Jonas is in the photo. Tell Elzė you were little once, too.
You say:
aš takes buvau; buvo is for he, she and they.
Show Elzė a photo of your sister.
You say:
The owner goes into the genitive: sesuo → sesers.
Show Elzė a photo of your sister.
You say:
The owner goes into the genitive: sesuo → sesers.
Tell Ona that you and Jonas were in the café today.
You say:
Tell Ona that you and Jonas were in the café today.
You say:
Elzė looks at the photo of Ona at twenty-two.
Elzė says:
Tell Anna that Jonas has black hair and brown eyes.
You say:
Tell Anna that Jonas has black hair and brown eyes.
You say:
Practice 8/8 · Matching
Family chains
Match each chain to the person.
Unit complete
