An adjective is a word that describes a noun: big, old, yellow. It takes the noun's gender, as you know from and : , a good table, but , a good sofa. Colours are adjectives, too.
Adjectives agree
| Masculine | Feminine | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| -as → -a | ||
| · · · | · · · | good · small · old · new |
| good · small · old · new | ||
| · | · | empty · hungry |
| empty · hungry | ||
| · · | · · | yellow · red · green |
| yellow · red · green | ||
| -is → -ė | ||
| big | ||
| big | ||
| -us → -i | ||
| · | · | quiet · loud |
| quiet · loud | ||
The adjective also takes the noun's case. When the noun is the object, or comes after no, adjective and noun change their endings together.
Adjective and noun change together
| Case | Question | Masculine | Feminine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | |||
| Genitive | |||
| Accusative | |||
| Meaning | a big yellow table | a big yellow sofa |
Do you have a yellow sofa? I don't have a red lamp!
A preposition is a small word in front of a noun that says where: on, under, next to. Each preposition takes its own case. (on), (next to, by) and (above) take the genitive. (under) takes another case, the instrumental, the with-form, which you will meet properly in module 3.
On, next to, above, under
| Preposition | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| + genitive | ||
| · | on · on the table · on the sofa | |
| on · on the table · on the sofa | ||
| · | next to, by, at · by the window · at the table | |
| next to, by, at · by the window · at the table | ||
| above · above the café | ||
| above · above the café | ||
| + instrumental | ||
| · | under · under the table · under the sofa | |
| under · under the table · under the sofa | ||
After , words in -a look the same as the basic form: , . Words in -as take -u: , .
Ant sofos – raudona lempa.On the sofa: a red lamp.
Mano lempa maža ir žalia.My lamp is small and green.
Aš neturiu raudonos lempos!I don't have a red lamp!
Aš neturiu raudonos lempos!I don't have a red lamp!
Žiūrėk! Po sofa – Micius.Look! Micius is under the sofa.
Raktas yra ant stalo.The key is on the table.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Find the words
Tap the adjectives: the words that say what something is like.
– .
In the bathroom: a big yellow sofa.
.
My lamp is small and green.
, .
The sofa is big, and the door is small.
, .
The wardrobe is old, but good.
.
My flat is small and empty.
.
My flat is small and empty.
, .
The window is old, and the bed is new.
, .
Micius is hungry, and so is Elzė.
, , .
The table is yellow, the suitcase is red, and the chair is green.
, .
Jonas is loud, and Micius is quiet.
, .
Elzė is loud, and Ona is quiet.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Masculine or feminine?
Choose the right word for the gap.
Stalas .
The table is big.
Sofa .
The sofa is big.
Langas irgi .
The window is small too.
Langas irgi .
The window is small too.
Mano lempa .
My lamp is green.
Ar tu turi sofą?
Do you have a yellow sofa?
Ar tu turi sofą?
Do you have a yellow sofa?
Micius – katinas.
Micius is a good tomcat.
Spinta .
The wardrobe is old.
Langas .
The window is old.
Mano butas .
My flat is empty.
Mano butas .
My flat is empty.
Spinta .
The wardrobe is empty.
New, good, hungry, and the colours
Choose the right word for the gap.
Mano butas .
My flat is new.
Mano butas .
My flat is new.
Mano knyga .
My book is new.
Rūtos kavinė labai .
Rūta's café is very good.
Mano lova .
My bed is small.
Mano lova .
My bed is small.
Micius .
Micius is hungry.
Aš labai !
I'm very hungry!
Stalas .
The table is yellow.
Sofa .
The sofa is yellow.
Lempa .
The lamp is red.
Mano lagaminas .
My suitcase is red.
Mano lagaminas .
My suitcase is red.
On, under, above
Choose the right word for the gap.
Lempa sofos.
The lamp is on the sofa.
Micius sofa.
Micius is under the sofa.
Raktas yra ant .
The key is on the table.
Lagaminas po .
The suitcase is under the bed.
Micius miega ant .
Micius is asleep on the wardrobe.
Rūta gyvena kavinės.
Rūta lives above the café.
Micius po .
Micius is under the table.
Tualete nėra .
There's no window in the toilet.
Mano butas virš .
My flat is above the café.
Raudona lempa ant .
The red lamp is on the sofa.
Practice 3/6 · Questions
What is it like?
Answer the questions.
Koks stalas?
What is the table like?
Kokia sofa?
What is the sofa like?
Koks Micius? O Jonas?
What is Micius like? And Jonas?
Kokia Elzė? O Ona?
What is Elzė like? And Ona?
Ar jūs turite didelį stalą?
Do you have a big table?
Ar jūs turite didelę sofą?
Do you have a big sofa?
Ką turi Rūta?
What does Rūta have?
Ką turi Jonas?
What does Jonas have?
Koks jūsų butas?
What is your flat like?
Kokia spinta?
What is the wardrobe like?
Practice 4/6 · Fill the gaps
Big, yellow, under, on
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Stalas ir .
The table is big and green.
Aš neturiu stalo.
I don't have a big yellow table.
Aš neturiu stalo.
I don't have a big yellow table.
Aš neturiu sofos.
I don't have a big yellow sofa.
Aš neturiu sofos.
I don't have a big yellow sofa.
Jonas turi geltoną .
Jonas has a big yellow sofa.
Rūta turi .
Rūta has a big table.
Micius po , o lempa ant .
Micius is under the table, and the lamp is on the table.
Mano butas virš , bet tualete nėra .
My flat is above the café, but there's no window in the toilet.
Mano trimitas , bet .
My trumpet is old, but good.
Micius po , o raktas ant .
Micius is under the sofa, and the key is on the sofa.
Butas , bet .
The flat is new, but empty.
Butas , bet .
The flat is new, but empty.
Practice 5/6 · Building sentences
Put the words in order
Put the words in order.
There's a red lamp on the sofa.
My lamp is small and green.
Look, Micius is under the sofa.
Do you have a yellow sofa?
Do you have a yellow sofa?
The key is on the table, and Micius is under the table.
The key is on the table, and Micius is under the table.
Do you have a big table?
Do you have a big table?
I don't have a big table.
I don't have a big table.
There's no window in the toilet.
The flat is small and empty.
The flat is small and empty.
The table is big, and the wardrobe is empty.
Practice 6/6 · In situations
The right words
Choose the right words for the situation.
There's a big yellow sofa in your bathroom. Ask Jonas if it's his.
You say:
There's a big yellow sofa in your bathroom. Ask Jonas if it's his.
You say:
Jonas is looking for his key. It's on the table.
You say:
ant takes the genitive: stalas → ant stalo.
Jonas is looking for his key. It's on the table.
You say:
ant takes the genitive: stalas → ant stalo.
Jonas tells you what his own lamp is like.
Jonas says:
You spot the cat under the bed.
You say:
po takes the instrumental, which for lova looks the same: po lova.
You spot the cat under the bed.
You say:
po takes the instrumental, which for lova looks the same: po lova.
Jonas is practising. Tell him his trumpet is very loud.
You say:
Jonas is practising. Tell him his trumpet is very loud.
You say:
Elzė hasn't said a word all morning. Ona tells you so.
Ona says:
Elzė tells you she is very hungry.
Elzė says:
Unit complete
