After a word for an amount or a container, the thing itself goes into the genitive, the of-form. You know it from and . Things you count, like apples, tomatoes and potatoes, take the genitive plural; things you don't count, like milk, cheese and water, take the genitive singular.
Amounts and containers
| Amount | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| a kilo of · a kilo of apples | ||
| a kilo of · a kilo of apples | ||
| half a kilo of · half a kilo of cheese | ||
| half a kilo of · half a kilo of cheese | ||
| a gram of · fifty grams of tea | ||
| a gram of · fifty grams of tea | ||
| a bottle of · a bottle of milk | ||
| a bottle of · a bottle of milk | ||
| a cup of · a cup of coffee | ||
| a cup of · a cup of coffee | ||
| a packet of · a packet of sugar | ||
| a packet of · a packet of sugar | ||
| · | · | a lot of · how much? · a lot of fish · how many potatoes? |
| a lot of · how much? · a lot of fish · how many potatoes? | ||
The genitive, singular and plural
| Nominative | Genitive singular | Genitive plural | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| -as → -o · -ų | |||
| a tomato | |||
| a tomato | |||
| – | milk | ||
| milk | |||
| -is, -ys → -io · -ių | |||
| cheese | |||
| cheese | |||
| an apple | |||
| an apple | |||
| -a → -os · -ų | |||
| – | coffee | ||
| coffee | |||
| a sofa | |||
| a sofa | |||
| -ė → -ės · -ių | |||
| a potato | |||
| a potato | |||
| a chair | |||
| a chair | |||
| -is (feminine) → -ies · -ų | |||
| fish | |||
| fish | |||
| -uo → -ens | |||
| – | water | ||
| water | |||
The genitive plural always ends in -ų.
The amount word changes like any noun, and after numbers it works like : , , . When you buy it, it takes the accusative: I'm buying a kilo. After it takes the genitive: I'd like a kilo of tomatoes.
, ,
| Case | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | |||
| Accusative | |||
| Genitive | |||
| After 2, 3, 4... | – | ||
| After 10, 20... | – | ||
| Meaning | a kilo | a bottle | a half |
Aš perku dešimt kilogramų obuolių.I'm buying ten kilos of apples.
Norėčiau kilogramo pomidorų, prašau.I'd like a kilo of tomatoes, please.
Norėčiau kilogramo pomidorų, prašau.I'd like a kilo of tomatoes, please.
Pusę kilogramo sūrio ir butelį pieno.Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
Pusę kilogramo sūrio ir butelį pieno.Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
Ant stalo – puodelis arbatos ir butelis vandens.On the table: a cup of tea and a bottle of water.
Micius valgo daug žuvies ir mėsos.Micius eats a lot of fish and meat.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Find the words
Tap the things that are measured: the words after the amount.
.
I'm buying ten kilos of apples.
.
Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
.
Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
.
Jonas drinks a big cup of tea.
.
A packet of coffee and two kilos of potatoes.
.
Half a kilo of tomatoes and a kilo of apples.
– .
On the table: a cup of coffee and a packet of sugar.
.
There are lots of chairs and sofas in the café.
.
Micius eats half a fish and drinks a lot of water.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Of what?
Choose the right word for the gap.
Butelis , prašau.
A bottle of milk, please.
Kilogramas .
A kilo of tomatoes.
Pusė kilogramo .
Half a kilo of cheese.
Du kilogramai .
Two kilos of potatoes.
Butelis .
A bottle of water.
Pakelis .
A packet of tea.
Puodelis , prašau.
A cup of coffee, please.
Kilogramas .
A kilo of apples.
Pakelis .
A packet of sugar.
Micius valgo daug .
Micius eats a lot of fish.
One kilo, two kilos, ten kilos
Choose the right word for the gap.
Rūta perka dešimt obuolių.
Rūta is buying ten kilos of apples.
Du bulvių.
Two kilos of potatoes.
Norėčiau pomidorų.
I'd like a kilo of tomatoes.
Norėčiau pomidorų.
I'd like a kilo of tomatoes.
Aš perku kilogramo sūrio.
I'm buying half a kilo of cheese.
Ant stalo – trys pieno.
On the table: three bottles of milk.
Štai jūsų pomidorų.
Here's your kilo of tomatoes.
Aš perku obuolių.
I'm buying a kilo of apples.
Aš perku obuolių.
I'm buying a kilo of apples.
Ant stalo – vandens.
On the table: a bottle of water.
Aš perku pieno.
I'm buying a bottle of milk.
Aš perku pieno.
I'm buying a bottle of milk.
Rūta perka dešimt pieno.
Rūta is buying ten bottles of milk.
A tomato, half a tomato, ten tomatoes
The basic form, the genitive singular, or the genitive plural?
labai geras.
The milk is very good.
labai didelis.
The tomato is very big.
Man reikia tik vieno .
I only need one tomato.
Man reikia tik vieno .
I only need one tomato.
Mano – iš kaimo.
My cheese is from the countryside.
Ant stalo – dešimt .
There are ten cheeses on the table.
Pusė – Miciui!
Half an apple for Micius!
– Elzei.
The apple is for Elzė.
labai gera.
The coffee is very good.
Kavinėje dešimt .
There are ten chairs in the café.
– ant stalo.
The water is on the table.
Practice 3/6 · Questions
At the market
Answer the questions.
Ko norėtumėte?
What would you like? (a kilo of apples)
After norėčiau, and so in answer to ko norėtumėte, the genitive: kilogramo.
Ką perkate?
What are you buying? (a bottle of milk)
Kas ant stalo?
What's on the table? (a packet of sugar)
Ką Micius valgo?
What does Micius eat? (a lot of fish)
Kas ant stalo?
What's on the table? (half a kilo of cheese)
Ko norėtumėte?
What would you like? (half a kilo of cheese)
Kas ant stalo?
What's on the table? (three bottles of water)
Ko norėtumėte?
What would you like? (a bottle of water)
Kas tai?
What's this? (a potato)
Kas tai?
What's this? (a sofa)
Practice 4/6 · Fill the gaps
The shopping list
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Sąraše: kilogramas ir du kilogramai .
On the list: a kilo of tomatoes and two kilos of potatoes.
Pusė kilogramo ir butelis .
Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
Rūta perka dešimt obuolių.
Rūta is buying ten kilos of apples.
Micius valgo daug .
Micius eats a lot of fish.
ir – iš turgaus.
The milk and the cheese are from the market.
Tas labai didelis: kilogramo!
That tomato is very big: half a kilo!
Aš valgau pusę ir pusę .
I'm eating half an apple and half a tomato.
be – Tomui.
Tea without sugar for Tomas.
Čia viena ir viena .
Here's one sofa and one chair.
Ant stalo – du vandens ir dešimt pieno.
On the table: two bottles of water and ten bottles of milk.
Practice 5/6 · Building sentences
Put the words in order
Put the words in order.
I'd like a kilo of tomatoes, please.
I'd like a kilo of tomatoes, please.
I'm buying ten kilos of apples.
Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
Half a kilo of cheese and a bottle of milk.
How much is a bottle of milk?
How much is a bottle of milk?
I'm buying a kilo of potatoes.
I'm buying a kilo of potatoes.
The apple is for Elzė, the fish for Micius.
The water and the coffee are on the table.
The potato is very big.
I'd like a bottle of water, please.
I'd like a bottle of water, please.
I'd like half a kilo of cheese.
I'd like half a kilo of cheese.
Practice 6/6 · In situations
The right words
Choose the right words for the situation.
At the vegetable stall, ask for a kilo of tomatoes.
You say:
At the vegetable stall, ask for a kilo of tomatoes.
You say:
You'd like a bottle of water.
You say:
You'd like a bottle of water.
You say:
The seller asks: Dar ko nors? You want half a kilo of cheese.
You say:
The seller asks: Dar ko nors? You want half a kilo of cheese.
You say:
Ask how much a kilo of potatoes costs.
You say:
Ask how much a kilo of potatoes costs.
You say:
At the stall, ask for a kilo of apples and two kilos of potatoes.
You say:
Apples and potatoes are counted, so the genitive plural: obuolių, bulvių.
At the stall, ask for a kilo of apples and two kilos of potatoes.
You say:
Apples and potatoes are counted, so the genitive plural: obuolių, bulvių.
Rūta asks how many chairs there are in the café. There are ten.
You say:
Rūta asks how many chairs there are in the café. There are ten.
You say:
Tomas orders his tea, without sugar as always.
Tomas says:
be takes the genitive: be cukraus.
Tell Elzė the fish is for Micius.
You say:
Tell Elzė the fish is for Micius.
You say:
Count the fish on the stall for the seller: ten.
You say:
After dešimt, the genitive plural: žuvų.
Count the fish on the stall for the seller: ten.
You say:
After dešimt, the genitive plural: žuvų.
Unit complete
