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Module 7 grammar on one page

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

The weather, and who feels it

The weather has no subject: It's hot. The person who feels it or needs it goes into the dative. What they need goes into the genitive, or comes as a verb in the infinitive.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
You say	Meaning
The weather
· ·	It's hot. · It's warm. · It's cold.
It's hot. · It's warm. · It's cold.
·	It's raining. · It's snowing.
It's raining. · It's snowing.
·	Rain. · Sun.
Rain. · Sun.
	There's no wind.
There's no wind.
	There are no clouds.
There are no clouds.
Who feels it
	I'm cold.
I'm cold.
	Are you hot?
Are you hot?
·	He's warm. · She's warm.
He's warm. · She's warm.
·	We're cold. · You're cold.
We're cold. · You're cold.
·	Micius is hot. · Ona is hot.
Micius is hot. · Ona is hot.
Who needs it
	I need an umbrella.
I need an umbrella.
	You need a jacket.
You need a jacket.
	He needs to go.
He needs to go.
	You don't need an umbrella.
You don't need an umbrella.
	Ona needs a towel.
Ona needs a towel.

Comparing

The comparative of an adjective ends in -esnis for a masculine noun and -esnė for a feminine one. The most ends in -iausias, -iausia. Adverbs compare with -iau. Than is , or with the accusative: · The sea is colder than the lake.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Word	Comparative	The most	Meaning
Adjectives
	·		cold · colder · the coldest
cold · colder · the coldest
	·		big · bigger · the biggest
big · bigger · the biggest
	·		good · better · the best
good · better · the best
Adverbs
		–	cold · colder
cold · colder
		–	a lot · more
a lot · more
		–	well · better
well · better

Too, and the clothes you take

in front of an adjective means too, and the adjective agrees with its noun. The clothes you buy, take, have or try on go into the accusative; after and , into the genitive.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
You say	Meaning
+ adjective
	The jacket is too small.
The jacket is too small.
	The coat is too big.
The coat is too big.
	The shoes are too small.
The shoes are too small.
	The trousers are too long.
The trousers are too long.
·	Too cold. · Too expensive.
Too cold. · Too expensive.
Clothes as the object: the accusative
	I'm buying a jacket.
I'm buying a jacket.
	I'm trying on the coat.
I'm trying on the coat.
	I'll take the shoes.
I'll take the shoes.
	I have trousers and a shirt.
I have trousers and a shirt.
After : the genitive
	I'm looking for a scarf.
I'm looking for a scarf.

Know how, and can

is a skill: I can swim. is possible or allowed now: I can't today. Both take an infinitive.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Infinitive			·			·	Meaning
-a verb
							to know how
to know how
-i verb
							can, may
can, may

Why? Because. That's why.

asks why. gives the reason, and gives the result. Both sentences say the same thing.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
		Meaning
		I'm taking an umbrella, because it's raining.
I'm taking an umbrella, because it's raining.
		I need tea, because I'm cold.
I need tea, because I'm cold.

Practice 1/8 · The right form

A bit of everything

Choose the right word for the gap.

šalta.
I'm cold.
šalta.
I'm cold.
Jums reikia .
You need a raincoat.
Jūra nei ežeras.
The sea is colder than the lake.
Batai per .
The shoes are too small.
Batai per .
The shoes are too small.
Aš perku .
I'm buying a hat.
Aš perku .
I'm buying a hat.
Aš visai šokti.
I can't dance at all.
Aš visai šokti.
I can't dance at all.
Imu skėtį, lyja.
I'm taking the umbrella because it's raining.
Imu skėtį, lyja.
I'm taking the umbrella because it's raining.
As Lukas
Aš , nes lauke audra.
I'm wet, because there's a storm outside.
As Lena
Aš , nes lauke audra.
I'm wet, because there's a storm outside.
Mes groti ir dainuoti.
We can play and sing.
Ar jūs ateiti šeštadienį?
Can you come on Saturday?

Practice 2/8 · Finding words

Find the words

Tap who feels it or who needs it: the dative.

, .
I'm hot, but Micius is cold.
, .
I'm hot, but Micius is cold.
.
You need an umbrella.
.
We need four bags.
, ?
Elzė, are you warm?
, ?
Elzė, are you warm?

Practice 3/8 · The right form

Compare, and shop

Choose the right word for the gap.

Šiandien ežeras nei vakar.
Today the lake is colder than yesterday.
Sausis – mėnuo.
January is the coldest month.
Šiandien nei vakar.
It's colder today than yesterday.
Šiandien nei vakar.
It's colder today than yesterday.
Hamburgas nei mūsų miestas.
Hamburg is bigger than our town.
Hamburgas nei mūsų miestas.
Hamburg is bigger than our town.
Tai ežeras.
It's the biggest lake.
Šiandien pyragas nei vakar.
The cake is better today than yesterday.
Rūtos pyragas – mieste.
Rūta's cake is the best in town.
Rūtos pyragas – mieste.
Rūta's cake is the best in town.
Pasimatuoju .
I'm trying on the coat.
Pasimatuoju .
I'm trying on the coat.
Imu .
I'll take the shoes.
Imu .
I'll take the shoes.
Ieškau .
I'm looking for a scarf.
Ieškau .
I'm looking for a scarf.

Practice 4/8 · Questions

Ask and answer

Answer the questions.

Ar aš galiu plaukti ežere?
Can I swim in the lake?
Elze, ar tu moki plaukti?
Elzė, can you swim?
Ar Tomas gerai kalba lietuviškai?
Does Tomas speak Lithuanian well?
Kaip striukė?
How's the jacket?
Ar kelnės tinka?
Do the trousers fit?
Ką jūs perkate?
What are you buying?
Ar jūs su Elze galite padėti šeštadienį?
Can you and Elzė help on Saturday?
Ar Jonas moka groti?
Can Jonas play?
Kaip Rūtos kavinėje?
What's it like at Rūta's café?
Ar batai ir paltas tinka?
Do the shoes and the coat fit?

Practice 5/8 · Fill the gaps

A week before the festival

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Hamburge nei čia, man čia patinka.
In Hamburg it's colder than here, that's why I like it here.
Hamburge nei čia, man čia patinka.
In Hamburg it's colder than here, that's why I like it here.
Striukė per . Ar yra ?
The jacket is too small. Is there a bigger one?
Striukė per . Ar yra ?
The jacket is too small. Is there a bigger one?
Aš dainuoti, bet po vidurnakčio groti.
I can sing, but after midnight I can't play.
Man reikia , lauke audra.
I need a raincoat, because there's a storm outside.
Man reikia , lauke audra.
I need a raincoat, because there's a storm outside.
As Lukas
Lietpaltis per , bet aš .
The raincoat is too big, but I'm dry.
As Lena
Lietpaltis per , bet aš .
The raincoat is too big, but I'm dry.
Šiandien , ežeras nei vakar, o jūra dar .
It's cold today, the lake is colder than yesterday, and the sea is even colder.
Pyragas , nei vakar, o kava dar .
The cake is good, better than yesterday, and the coffee is even better.
Imu ir .
I'll take the jacket and the shoes.
Imu ir .
I'll take the jacket and the shoes.
per ?
Are the trousers too long?
Elzė padėti, ir mes .
Elzė can help, and so can we.

Practice 6/8 · Building sentences

Put the words in order

Put the words in order.

I don't need an umbrella.
I don't need an umbrella.
In Hamburg winter is much warmer.
In Hamburg winter is much warmer.
This hat is too big.
This hat is too big.
I can swim, but not today.
I can swim, but not today.
It's raining, so I'm taking the umbrella.
It's raining, so I'm taking the umbrella.
The lake is cold, and January is the coldest month.
It's the biggest and best cake.
It's the biggest and best cake.
I'm buying trousers and a shirt.
I'm buying trousers and a shirt.
Elzė, can you dance?
Elzė, can you dance?
Jonas can play, and we can sing.

Practice 7/8 · In situations

The right words

Choose the right words for the situation.

Tell Ona that you're hot.
You say:
Tell Ona that you're hot.
You say:
Tell Tomas that the lake is warmer than the sea.
You say:
Tell Tomas that the lake is warmer than the sea.
You say:
The shop assistant hands you a coat. It's too big.
You say:
The shop assistant hands you a coat. It's too big.
You say:
Elzė asks why you're taking the umbrella. It's raining.
You say:
Elzė asks why you're taking the umbrella. It's raining.
You say:
As Lukas
Ona opens the door and you're dripping wet. Tell her why.
You say:
As Lena
Ona opens the door and you're dripping wet. Tell her why.
You say:
You'd like to try on the coat. Ask the shop assistant.
You say:
You'd like to try on the coat. Ask the shop assistant.
You say:
Tell the shop assistant you're looking for a scarf.
You say:
Tell the shop assistant you're looking for a scarf.
You say:
Elzė tries on her old shoes. They're too small, and she tells her grandmother.
Elzė says:
Ona asks how you are today. Say you're well, better than yesterday.
You say:
Ona asks how you are today. Say you're well, better than yesterday.
You say:
Tomas compares the weather with Hamburg's.
Tomas says:

Practice 8/8 · Matching

Question and answer

Match each question to its answer.

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