Lithuanian talks about the weather without a subject. There is no it: It's hot. It's cold. Often a noun is enough: It's raining. It's sunny.
The weather in a word
| You say | Meaning |
|---|---|
| It's hot. | |
| It's hot. | |
| It's warm. | |
| It's warm. | |
| It's cold. | |
| It's cold. | |
| It's raining. | |
| It's raining. | |
| It's snowing. | |
| It's snowing. | |
| It's windy. | |
| It's windy. | |
| · | It's sunny. · It's raining. |
| It's sunny. · It's raining. | |
| · | There's no wind. · There are no clouds. |
| There's no wind. · There are no clouds. | |
is word for word the wind is blowing. , , never change their ending. After the noun goes into the genitive: → , → .
When a person feels the weather, the person goes into the dative, the form you know from : I'm cold; word for word, to me it's cold. Never .
Who feels it, who needs it: the dative
| Nominative | Dative | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| I'm cold. | |||
| I'm cold. | |||
| Are you hot? | |||
| Are you hot? | |||
| · | · | · | He's warm. · She's cold. |
| He's warm. · She's cold. | |||
| We're hot. | |||
| We're hot. | |||
| Are you cold? | |||
| Are you cold? | |||
| · | · | They're cold. | |
| They're cold. | |||
| · | · | Elzė is hot. | |
| Elzė is hot. | |||
| · | · | Micius is cold. | |
| Micius is cold. | |||
, it is needed, works the same way. The person who needs something goes into the dative, and the thing into the genitive, as after : I need an umbrella. Or add a verb in the infinitive: I need to go. No is .
: what you need
| Nominative | After | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| The genitive | |||
| an umbrella · I need an umbrella. | |||
| an umbrella · I need an umbrella. | |||
| a towel · You need a towel. | |||
| a towel · You need a towel. | |||
| · | · | coffee · a jacket · Jonas needs coffee. | |
| coffee · a jacket · Jonas needs coffee. | |||
| The infinitive | |||
| – | · | to go · to take along · I need to go to work. | |
| to go · to take along · I need to go to work. | |||
Šiandien karšta! Saulė, dvidešimt penki laipsniai.It's hot today! Sun, twenty-five degrees.
Šiandien karšta! Saulė, dvidešimt penki laipsniai.It's hot today! Sun, twenty-five degrees.
Vakare lietus. Jums reikia skėčio.Rain this evening. You need an umbrella.
Ačiū, bet man nereikia skėčio.Thanks, but I don't need an umbrella.
Ačiū, bet man nereikia skėčio.Thanks, but I don't need an umbrella.
Miciui nereikia skėčio. Jis namie.Micius doesn't need an umbrella. He's at home.
Man šalta. Man reikia arbatos.I'm cold. I need some tea.
Man šalta. Man reikia arbatos.I'm cold. I need some tea.
Practice 1/5 · Finding words
Find the words
Tap the words that tell you the weather.
, .
It's hot today, and there's no wind.
, .
It's cold outside, but sunny.
? !
Rain? But there are no clouds!
? !
Rain? But there are no clouds!
, .
In the evening it's warm, and at night it's cold.
Practice 2/5 · The right form
Who is cold? Who needs it?
Choose the right word for the gap.
karšta!
I'm hot!
karšta!
I'm hot!
Ar šalta?
Are you cold?
nereikia skėčio. Jis namie.
Micius doesn't need an umbrella. He's at home.
reikia kavos.
Jonas needs coffee.
Elze, ar šilta?
Elzė, are you warm?
Elze, ar šilta?
Elzė, are you warm?
reikia eiti į darbą.
We have to go to work.
šalta.
Ona is cold.
reikia striukės.
Elzė needs a jacket.
What do you need?
After reikia: the genitive, or a -ti verb.
Man nereikia .
I don't need an umbrella.
Man nereikia .
I don't need an umbrella.
Jums reikia .
You need a towel.
Man reikia .
I need some coffee.
Man reikia .
I need some coffee.
Ar tau reikia ?
Do you need a jacket?
Man reikia į darbą.
I have to go to work.
Man reikia į darbą.
I have to go to work.
Ona or Onai?
Who does it, and the thing itself: the basic form. Who feels it or needs it: the dative.
nori arbatos.
Ona wants some tea.
nenori eiti į lauką.
Elzė doesn't want to go outside.
miega.
Micius is asleep.
nori kavos.
Jonas wants some coffee.
Štai .
Here's an umbrella.
Štai .
Here's a towel.
labai karšta.
The coffee is very hot.
Kur mano ?
Where's my jacket?
Kur mano ?
Where's my jacket?
Practice 3/5 · Fill the gaps
Ona's forecast
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Šiandien , bet vakare .
It's hot today, but it'll rain this evening.
Jums reikia .
You need an umbrella.
Bet karšta, ir debesų !
But I'm hot, and there are no clouds!
Bet karšta, ir debesų !
But I'm hot, and there are no clouds!
Rytoj nereikia. Rytoj saulė.
Tomorrow you won't need it. Tomorrow it's sunny.
Kur mano ? Man reikia !
Where's my umbrella? I need my umbrella!
Kur mano ? Man reikia !
Where's my umbrella? I need my umbrella!
Štai ir karšta .
Here's a towel and some hot coffee.
šalta. Jam reikia .
Jonas is cold. He needs a jacket.
karšta, o šalta.
Ona is hot, and Elzė is cold.
Practice 4/5 · Building sentences
Put the words in order
Put the words in order.
I don't need an umbrella.
I don't need an umbrella.
It's very hot outside today.
It's very hot outside today.
Are you cold?
Micius doesn't want to go outside.
Tomorrow you don't need an umbrella.
Ona wants some tea.
Elzė doesn't want to go outside.
Jonas wants some coffee.
Micius doesn't need a towel.
Where's my jacket?
Where's my jacket?
Practice 5/5 · In situations
The right words
Choose the right words for the situation.
You come in from the rain, shivering. Tell Ona you're cold.
You say:
The person who feels it goes in the dative: man šalta.
You come in from the rain, shivering. Tell Ona you're cold.
You say:
The person who feels it goes in the dative: man šalta.
Ona holds out an umbrella, but the sky is blue. Thank her and say you don't need it.
You say:
Man reikia, and the thing needed in the genitive: skėčio.
Ona holds out an umbrella, but the sky is blue. Thank her and say you don't need it.
You say:
Man reikia, and the thing needed in the genitive: skėčio.
Elzė comes in from the garden in a T-shirt. Ask her if she's cold.
You say:
Elzė is a child, so tau; and the person goes in the dative.
Elzė comes in from the garden in a T-shirt. Ask her if she's cold.
You say:
Elzė is a child, so tau; and the person goes in the dative.
Rūta comes into the bakery from the street, fanning herself, and tells you what it's like outside.
Rūta says:
Elzė wants to go out in a T-shirt, and it's cold. Tell her she needs a jacket.
You say:
Elzė goes in the dative (tau), and the jacket she needs in the genitive (striukės).
Elzė wants to go out in a T-shirt, and it's cold. Tell her she needs a jacket.
You say:
Elzė goes in the dative (tau), and the jacket she needs in the genitive (striukės).
Ona sees Jonas shivering on the stairs and tells you.
Ona says:
The person who feels it goes in the dative: Jonui.
Unit complete
