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Module 2 grammar on one page

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Ġermaniż, Ġermaniża: where you are from

Nationalities and jobs come in pairs, like and : most add -a for a woman, words in -i add -ja. From is , and before the article: , .

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Man	Woman	Meaning
		German
German
		Maltese
Maltese
		engineer
engineer
		musician
musician

Jien Ġermaniż, minn Hamburg.I'm German, from Hamburg.
Jien Ġermaniża, minn Hamburg.I'm German, from Hamburg.
Ġorġ Malti, u Ella Maltija.Ġorġ is Maltese, and so is Ella.

Not with a verb: ma … -x

A verb takes in front and -x at the end; before a vowel or , is . An in the last syllable turns to . With , nothing, the -x goes.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Yes	No	Meaning
		I know · I don't know
I know · I don't know
		I understand · I don't understand
I understand · I don't understand
		I have · I don't have
I have · I don't have
		she has · she doesn't have
she has · she doesn't have
		we know · we don't know
we know · we don't know

I know nothing. I have nothing.

There is, there isn't: hemm, m'hemmx

at the front is there is, there are; is there isn't. What isn't there needs no article. asks Is there a …? : there's nothing.

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
There is	There isn't	Meaning
		There's a bed. · There's no sofa.
There's a bed. · There's no sofa.
		Is there a chair? · There's nothing.
Is there a chair? · There's nothing.

M'hemmx mejda, u m'għandix siġġu.There's no table, and I don't have a chair.
M'hemmx mejda, u m'għandix siġġu.There's no table, and I don't have a chair.

Colours and sizes: aħmar, ħamra

Adjectives follow the noun and take its gender; most add -a, but the colours change shape. The colour stays next to the noun, and with the article every adjective takes it: .

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Masculine	Feminine	Meaning
		big
big
		small
small
		red
red
		yellow
yellow
		green
green
		white
white

Fil-kċina hemm mejda żgħira, bajda.In the kitchen there's a small, white table.
U l-lampa l-ħamra? Tiegħek ukoll?And the red lamp? Is it yours too?
U l-lampa l-ħamra? Tiegħek ukoll?And the red lamp? Is it yours too?

Where things are: fuq, taħt, ħdejn

The preposition stands before the noun, which keeps its article. joins the article like .

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Preposition	Example	Meaning
		on · on the sofa
on · on the sofa
		under · under the table
under · under the table
		next to · next to the window
next to · next to the window
		in front of · in front of the door
in front of · in front of the door
		behind · behind the wardrobe
behind · behind the wardrobe
		inside, in · in the room
inside, in · in the room

Whose? ta', tal-

names the owner after the thing; before the article it is , with a sun letter's sound. asks whose. With a pronoun it is the ending: , .

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Owner	With	Meaning
		Lina · Lina's table
Lina · Lina's table
		the café · the café's chairs
the café · the café's chairs
		Grandma · Grandma's cellar
Grandma · Grandma's cellar

Mela ta' min hi?Then whose is it?
Mela ta' min hi?Then whose is it?
Iċ-ċavetta l-kbira ta' Marija tiftaħ il-bibien kollha.Marija's big key opens all the doors.

Plurals: siġġijiet, qtates

Some plurals add an ending, -i or -ijiet; many more change inside, the broken plural. Learn each noun with its plural. These and those: , .

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Singular	Plural	Meaning
		lamp
lamp
		armchair
armchair
		chair
chair
		cat
cat
		table
table
		neighbour
neighbour
		door
door
		key
key

The present tense, plural

The plural keeps the person letter and adds -u (-w after -a): for the 1st person plural (, we), for the 2nd (, you, several), for the 3rd (, they).

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
				Meaning
				help
help
				know
know
				sleep
sleep
				wait
wait

Bonswa! Qed ngħinu biss.Good evening! We're just helping.
Il-qtates jafu!Cats know!

Practice 1/7 · The right form

A bit of everything

Choose the right word for the gap.

Marija , minn Ħal Ġebel.
Marija is Maltese, from Ħal Ġebel.
Lena , mill-Ġermanja.
Lena is German, from Germany.
Lena , minn Hamburg.
Lena is an engineer, from Hamburg.
Skużani, ma .
Sorry, I don't understand.
Skużani, ma .
Sorry, I don't understand.
Ella kafè.
Ella doesn't have coffee.
mejda fil-kamra.
There's no table in the room.
mejda fil-kamra.
There's no table in the room.
Xejn! xejn hawn!
Nothing! There's nothing here!
Fuq is-sufan hemm lampa .
On the sofa there's a red lamp.
Ella għandha bagalja .
Ella has a yellow suitcase.
Il-pultruna mill-kantina .
The armchair is from Grandma's cellar.

The right person

Choose the right word for the gap.

Bonswa! Qed biss.
Good evening! We're just helping.
? Bil-lejl?
You're helping? At night?
? Bil-lejl?
You're helping? At night?
Aħna ma ta' min hi.
We don't know whose it is.
Il-ġirien bil-lejl.
The neighbours sleep at night.
Intom hawn?
Are you two waiting here?
Intom hawn?
Are you two waiting here?
Intom issa?
Are you two asleep now?
Il-ġirien isfel.
The neighbours are waiting downstairs.
Huma ukoll.
They're helping too.
Aħna isfel.
We're waiting downstairs.
Intom ta' min hi l-pultruna?
Do you know whose the armchair is?
Intom ta' min hi l-pultruna?
Do you know whose the armchair is?

Practice 2/7 · Finding words

Find the words

Tap the plural nouns and the plural verbs.

!
Cats know!
.
There are still tables in the café.
.
Marija's key opens all the doors.
. ?
We're just helping. Are you asleep?
, .
In the cellar there are armchairs, lamps and chairs.
, .
The neighbours are waiting downstairs, and we're waiting upstairs.

Practice 3/7 · Fill the gaps

The flat at number 7

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

As Lukas
Jien , u nitkellimx Malti tajjeb.
I'm German, and I don't speak Maltese well.
As Lena
Jien , u nitkellimx Malti tajjeb.
I'm German, and I don't speak Maltese well.
As Lukas
Jien hawn. siġġu, u mejda.
I'm new here. I don't have a chair, and there's no table.
As Lena
Jien hawn. siġġu, u mejda.
I'm new here. I don't have a chair, and there's no table.
Fil-kamra tal-banju hemm sufan , u is-sufan hemm lampa .
In the bathroom there's a yellow sofa, and on the sofa there's a red lamp.
Ċikku is-sufan, u l-bagalja l-bieb.
Ċikku is under the sofa, and the suitcase is behind the door.
Il-mejda Lina, u s-siġġijiet .
The table is Lina's, and the chairs are the café's.
Il-pultruna mill-kantina . Il- !
The armchair is from Grandma's cellar. Cats know!
Il- , imma ma min.
The neighbours help, but we don't know who.
Lena , u l-ħabiba ta' Ġorġ .
Lena is an engineer, and Ġorġ's friend (a woman) is a musician.
Il-pultruna , u l-bagalja ta' Ella .
The armchair is green, and Ella's suitcase is yellow.
Intom bil-lejl, u aħna !
You help at night, and we're asleep!
Intom bil-lejl, u aħna !
You help at night, and we're asleep!

Practice 4/7 · Building sentences

Put the words in order

Put the words in order.

As Lukas
I'm German, from Germany.
As Lena
I'm German, from Germany.
Marija is Maltese, from Ħal Ġebel.
Sorry, I don't understand, and I don't know where it is.
Sorry, I don't understand, and I don't know where it is.
There's no table, and I don't have a chair.
There's no table, and I don't have a chair.
There's nothing in the wardrobe.
In the kitchen there's a small, white table.
The yellow sofa is Ġorġ's.
Ella doesn't have a key, and she doesn't know where it is.
There are keys and lamps in the wardrobe.
The neighbours are asleep, and we're waiting.

Practice 5/7 · In situations

The right words

Choose the right words for the situation.

As Lukas
A neighbour on the stairs asks where you're from.
You say:
As Lena
A neighbour on the stairs asks where you're from.
You say:
As Lukas
Ella asks why your flat is so empty.
You say:
As Lena
Ella asks why your flat is so empty.
You say:
Marija speaks too fast. Ask her to speak slowly.
You say:
Marija speaks too fast. Ask her to speak slowly.
You say:
Ella can't find Ċikku. He's under the yellow sofa.
You say:
Ella can't find Ċikku. He's under the yellow sofa.
You say:
You find a red lamp in your bathroom. Ask Ġorġ whose it is.
You say:
You find a red lamp in your bathroom. Ask Ġorġ whose it is.
You say:
Lina explains that there are still tables in the café.
Lina says:
Marija and Ella say they know nothing about the sofa.
Ella says:
Ask Marija and Ella if they know whose the armchair is.
You say:
Ask Marija and Ella if they know whose the armchair is.
You say:
Marija and Ella are standing on the stairs. Ask them if they're waiting here.
You say:
Marija and Ella are standing on the stairs. Ask them if they're waiting here.
You say:
Ella asks what the wardrobe is like. It's big and old.
You say:
Ella asks what the wardrobe is like. It's big and old.
You say:

Practice 6/7 · Questions

The right answer

Choose the right answer.

As Lukas
Minn fejn int?
Where are you from?
As Lena
Minn fejn int?
Where are you from?
Ella, għandek ċavetta?
Ella, do you have a key?
Hemm xi siġġu fil-kamra?
Is there a chair in the room?
Kif hi l-lampa ta' Ġorġ?
What is Ġorġ's lamp like?
Ta' min hi l-mejda l-bajda?
Whose is the white table?
Intom tgħinu bil-lejl?
Do you help at night?
X'taħdem il-ħabiba ta' Ġorġ?
What does Ġorġ's friend (a woman) do?
Kif hi l-gwardarobba?
What is the wardrobe like?
X'hemm fil-kantina tan-nanna?
What is there in Grandma's cellar?
X'għad hemm fil-kafetterija?
What is there still in the café?

Practice 7/7 · Matching

Question and answer

Match each question to its answer.

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