Module 2Grammar reviewPremium

Portuguese in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Sou, estou, tenho

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Person		Meaning
		I am
I am
		you are (familiar singular)
you are (familiar singular)
·		he/she is
he/she is
		we are
we are
		you are (plural)
you are (plural)
·		they are
they are

gives identity or origin: , . gives a state or location: , . Its full present is .

contracts with articles: . Say but without an article. Languages normally have no article after : . and help you repair a conversation.

Há, está, estão

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		There is a bed here.
There is a bed here.
		The bed is here.
The bed is here.
		The chairs are there.
The chairs are there.
		This room is small.
This room is small.
		This house is big.
This house is big.
		What is this?
What is this?

Use invariant to introduce something: , . Negative means there is not or there are not. Use for the location of something identified: , .

refers to a thing without naming it: Before a named noun use gender and number: , , , .

Amarelo, amarela

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		The sofa is yellow.
The sofa is yellow.
		The table is yellow.
The table is yellow.
		The sofas are yellow.
The sofas are yellow.
		The tables are yellow.
The tables are yellow.
		The chairs are green.
The chairs are green.
		The lamps are blue.
The lamps are blue.

An adjective describes a noun and agrees with it. Many adjectives use masculine -o, feminine -a and plural -os/-as: . Adjectives normally follow nouns: .

Some adjectives have one form for both genders: , , . Their plurals are , , . Say for its size; describes its current state.

Mesas, cadeiras, pães

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		There are two tables.
There are two tables.
		There are three chairs.
There are three chairs.
		There are two loaves of bread.
There are two loaves of bread.
		There are two men.
There are two men.
		The chairs are here.
The chairs are here.
		The papers are here.
The papers are here.

Most nouns add -s: , , . Words ending in -m change to -ns: . Many nouns ending in -l replace it with -is: , .

Words ending in -ão have different plurals and must be learned with the noun: , , . The verb and articles agree: , . is a fixed denial meaning it was not me; productive past comes later.

Falo, como, abro

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Infinitive						Meaning
						speak
speak
						eat
eat
						open
open

Regular verbs have three infinitive endings: -ar, -er, -ir. Present endings are -o/-as/-a/-amos/-am/-am, -o/-es/-e/-emos/-em/-em, and -o/-es/-e/-imos/-em/-em. Full examples: ; ; .

plus an infinitive describes an action in progress in European Portuguese: . Compare (we help) and (we are helping now). is a useful waiting expression.

Practice 1/4 · Finding words

Notice the useful pattern

Tap the form practised in this unit.

As Lukas
. .
I am new here. You are here, plural.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. You are here, plural.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. This house is big.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. This house is big.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. The chairs are green.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. The chairs are green.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. The chairs are here.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. The chairs are here.

Practice 2/4 · The right form

Mixed person forms 1

Choose the right word for the gap.

Eu aqui.
I am here.
Tu aqui.
You (familiar singular) are here.
Ele aqui.
He is here.
Nós aqui.
We are here.
Vocês aqui.
You (plural) are here.
Eu português.
I speak Portuguese.
Tu português.
You (familiar singular) speak Portuguese.
Ele português.
He speaks Portuguese.
Nós português.
We speak Portuguese.
Vocês português.
You (plural) speak Portuguese.

Mixed person forms 2

Choose the right word for the gap.

Eu pão.
I eat bread.
Tu pão.
You (familiar singular) eat bread.
Ele pão.
He eats bread.
Nós pão.
We eat bread.
Vocês pão.
You (plural) eat bread.
Eu a porta.
I open the door.
Tu a porta.
You (familiar singular) open the door.
Ele a porta.
He opens the door.
Nós a porta.
We open the door.
Vocês a porta.
You (plural) open the door.

Practice 3/4 · Fill the gaps

Use the person forms 1

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Eu aqui.
I am here.
Tu aqui.
You (familiar singular) are here.
Ele aqui.
He is here.
Nós aqui.
We are here.
Vocês aqui.
You (plural) are here.
Eu português.
I speak Portuguese.
Tu português.
You (familiar singular) speak Portuguese.
Ele português.
He speaks Portuguese.
Nós português.
We speak Portuguese.
Vocês português.
You (plural) speak Portuguese.

Use the person forms 2

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Eu pão.
I eat bread.
Tu pão.
You (familiar singular) eat bread.
Ele pão.
He eats bread.
Nós pão.
We eat bread.
Vocês pão.
You (plural) eat bread.
Eu a porta.
I open the door.
Tu a porta.
You (familiar singular) open the door.
Ele a porta.
He opens the door.
Nós a porta.
We open the door.
Vocês a porta.
You (plural) open the door.

Practice 4/4 · In situations

What would you say?

Choose the right words for the situation.

As Lukas
I am new here. You are here, plural.
You say:
As Lena
I am new here. You are here, plural.
You say:
As Lukas
I am new here. This house is big.
You say:
As Lena
I am new here. This house is big.
You say:
As Lukas
I am new here. The chairs are green.
You say:
As Lena
I am new here. The chairs are green.
You say:
As Lukas
I am new here. The chairs are here.
You say:
As Lena
I am new here. The chairs are here.
You say:

Unit complete

Portuguese in everyday situations

6exercises

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