Module 9Grammar reviewPremium
Portuguese in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Vou tocar esta noite
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I will play tonight. | ||
| I will play tonight. | ||
| We will work. | ||
| We will work. | ||
| There will be wind. | ||
| There will be wind. | ||
| I lost the mouthpiece. | ||
| I lost the mouthpiece. | ||
| You put the mouthpiece here. | ||
| You put the mouthpiece here. | ||
| The concert starts in ten minutes. | ||
| The concert starts in ten minutes. | ||
For tonight’s plans use . Future is simply : . means in ten minutes; means ten minutes ago.
Useful completed forms: ; . means I kept it, feminine; the pronoun refers to the trumpet.
Vi, ouvi, encontrei
| Person | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| I saw | ||
| I saw | ||
| you (familiar singular) saw | ||
| you (familiar singular) saw | ||
| · | he/she saw | |
| he/she saw | ||
| we saw | ||
| we saw | ||
| you (plural) saw | ||
| you (plural) saw | ||
| · | they saw | |
| they saw | ||
Completed past tells what happened: . : . : .
Use imperfect or for the background. is completed past with a reflexive pronoun. Its negative is . combines a negative verb and nothing.
Fui, tive, fiz
| Person | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| I went/was | ||
| I went/was | ||
| you (familiar singular) went/were | ||
| you (familiar singular) went/were | ||
| · | he/she went/was | |
| he/she went/was | ||
| we went/were | ||
| we went/were | ||
| you (plural) went/were | ||
| you (plural) went/were | ||
| · | they went/were | |
| they went/were | ||
and share completed-past forms: . Context distinguishes was from went: , . : . : .
Sequence markers are . In reports, use times and short completed events: , , , .
Estava a dormir, fechei os olhos
| Person | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|
| I used to sleep | ||
| I used to sleep | ||
| you (familiar singular) used to sleep | ||
| you (familiar singular) used to sleep | ||
| · | he · she used to sleep | |
| he · she used to sleep | ||
| we used to sleep | ||
| we used to sleep | ||
| you (plural) used to sleep | ||
| you (plural) used to sleep | ||
| · | they used to sleep | |
| they used to sleep | ||
Contrast background with completed or . The imperfect of regular -er/-ir uses -ia, -ias, -ia, -íamos, -iam, -iam: .
imperfect is . means while; begin with short familiar clauses. Past gives a state or age, while describes a completed episode. Do not use English-style have plus participle for a single completed Portuguese event.
Querida Anna
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Dear Anna! | ||
| Dear Anna! | ||
| Dear João! | ||
| Dear João! | ||
| There was a festival. | ||
| There was a festival. | ||
| The cat stole a mouthpiece. | ||
| The cat stole a mouthpiece. | ||
| I will buy a stamp. | ||
| I will buy a stamp. | ||
| A hug, as a sign-off. | ||
| A hug, as a sign-off. | ||
A letter can start or . The adjective agrees with the recipient, not the writer. A neutral sign-off is .
means there was or there were for a completed occasion: . follows regular -ar: . The future plan needs no new future ending.
Practice 1/4 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. You put the mouthpiece here.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. You put the mouthpiece here.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. You heard the trumpet, plural.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. You heard the trumpet, plural.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. They made a cake.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. They made a cake.
As Lukas
. .
I am new here. João was ten years old.
As Lena
. .
I am new here. João was ten years old.
Practice 2/4 · The right form
Mixed person forms 1
Choose the right word for the gap.
Eu o gato ontem.
I saw the cat yesterday.
Tu o gato ontem.
You (familiar singular) saw the cat yesterday.
Ele o gato ontem.
He saw the cat yesterday.
Nós o gato ontem.
We saw the cat yesterday.
Vocês o gato ontem.
You (plural) saw the cat yesterday.
Eu ao café ontem.
I went to the café yesterday.
Tu ao café ontem.
You (familiar singular) went to the café yesterday.
Mixed person forms 2
Choose the right word for the gap.
Ele ao café ontem.
He went to the café yesterday.
Nós ao café ontem.
We went to the café yesterday.
Vocês ao café ontem.
You (plural) went to the café yesterday.
Eu aqui ontem.
I was sleeping here yesterday.
Tu aqui ontem.
You (familiar singular) were sleeping here yesterday.
Nós aqui ontem.
We were sleeping here yesterday.
Vocês aqui ontem.
You (plural) were sleeping here yesterday.
Practice 3/4 · Fill the gaps
Use the person forms 1
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Eu o gato ontem.
I saw the cat yesterday.
Tu o gato ontem.
You (familiar singular) saw the cat yesterday.
Ele o gato ontem.
He saw the cat yesterday.
Nós o gato ontem.
We saw the cat yesterday.
Vocês o gato ontem.
You (plural) saw the cat yesterday.
Eu ao café ontem.
I went to the café yesterday.
Tu ao café ontem.
You (familiar singular) went to the café yesterday.
Use the person forms 2
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Ele ao café ontem.
He went to the café yesterday.
Nós ao café ontem.
We went to the café yesterday.
Vocês ao café ontem.
You (plural) went to the café yesterday.
Eu aqui ontem.
I was sleeping here yesterday.
Tu aqui ontem.
You (familiar singular) were sleeping here yesterday.
Nós aqui ontem.
We were sleeping here yesterday.
Vocês aqui ontem.
You (plural) were sleeping here yesterday.
Practice 4/4 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
As Lukas
I am new here. You put the mouthpiece here.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lena
I am new here. You put the mouthpiece here.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lukas
I am new here. You heard the trumpet, plural.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lena
I am new here. You heard the trumpet, plural.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lukas
I am new here. They made a cake.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lena
I am new here. They made a cake.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lukas
I am new here. João was ten years old.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
As Lena
I am new here. João was ten years old.
You say:
Use the meaning and Portuguese pattern explained in this unit.
Unit complete
