Portuguese in everyday situations · Grammar review

Module 8Grammar reviewPremium

Portuguese in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Dói-me, doem-me

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FormExampleMeaning
My head hurts.
My feet hurt.
I feel unwell.
We feel unwell.
I do not feel well.
I have been ill since Saturday.

For pain, the body part is the subject: singular , plural . Change the recipient: , , , , . Use as another simple pattern.

present forms are . After negation: . describes when a situation began and can accompany present .

Nasci a dez de julho

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FormExampleMeaning
I was born in 1995.
I was born on the tenth of July.
Nineteen ninety-five.
The appointment is on the twenty-eighth.
In two weeks.
Is it possible earlier?

A birth date uses the learned chunk . is completed past of and is the same for male and female speakers. means one thousand and stays unchanged after numbers: .

Use for an appointment date and for in two weeks. means earlier. Do not use a masculine/feminine birth participle where Portuguese simply uses .

Abra, respire, coma

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FormExampleMeaning
Maria, open your mouth, politely.
Leonor, open your mouth.
You all, breathe deeply.
Maria, drink water, politely.
I have been at home since Saturday.
Bed until Saturday.

Polite instructions use . Familiar equivalents are ; plural . These imperative forms are learned as requests.

Contrast (since Saturday), (for two hours), and (until Saturday). For an earlier completed visit, means I was there; means I got wet. Learn these before using the rehearsal answer.

Comprei, comeste, abriu

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InfinitiveMeaning
speak, completed past
eat, completed past
open, completed past

The describes a completed event. Regular -ar: . Regular -er: . Regular -ir: . Portuguese does not need an auxiliary for these forms.

European Portuguese in the past contrasts with present . Context distinguishes present/past and . Negation precedes the verb: . Time chunks (I have just got up) and (João gave me) are useful here.

Já, ainda, três vezes

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PersonMeaning
I gave
you (familiar singular) gave
· he/she gave
we gave
you (plural) gave
· they gave

means already; means still or yet: , , . counts repetitions: .

and link times: , . completed past is . A following recipient can be attached: .

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