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Unit 15 · ф, э and ю · Meet

ф, э and ю

Read f, plain e and the yu vowel pattern.

About this unit

Ф is f and э is a plain e. Ю is one letter for yu, and it works like е.

  • Ффphoto
    f, as in “fish”
    фо́то · photo
  • Ээ
    e, as in “bed”
    э́хо · echo
    i

    Э does not add an initial y sound.

  • Ююskirt
    yu; softens the consonant
    ю́бка · skirt
Whereю givesExample
at the start of a wordy + uюла́ · yu-LA
after a consonantsoft consonant + uлюк · lyuk

Э never adds a y: э́хо starts with a plain e.

More words to read

флаг

flagflak

юла́

spinning topyulá

люк

hatchlyuk
Reading tips

Ю is one letter. At the start of юла́ hear y + u; in люк it signals a soft л and u. The final г in флаг is pronounced k, but it stays г in writing.

Reading practice

Hear the strong syllable

Listen, then choose the stressed syllable, counting from the start.

Clip 1

Letters in words

Match each sign to the same sign in its example.

Find the sound

Match the sounds to the signs. Tap a sign to check.

Read with support

Match the words to their pictures.

Read without a sound cue

Match the words to their pictures.

Sound to spelling

Listen. Choose the spelling.

Spelling to sound

Read the word. Choose its sound.

флаг

Sound to spelling

Listen. Choose the spelling.

Spelling to sound

Read the word. Choose its sound.

люк

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

photo

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

skirt

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Build the word

Listen and build the word in typing order.

Recall the spelling

Listen and build the word without its picture.

Finish practice to save this unit.

You can read and write this

Read f, plain e and the yu vowel pattern.

Next unit
photo

фо́то

photo

э́хо

echo
skirt

ю́бка

skirt

флаг

flag

юла́

spinning top

люк

hatch
Use a Russian keyboard

The standard Russian layout is ЙЦУКЕН. All guided writing also works with on-screen tiles. Type ё with its own key when practising ё; outside that task е is a common printed replacement. Teaching stress accents are optional input, not extra letters.

All letters

А а
i

a

К кIn ка
i

ka

М мIn ма
i

ma

О о
i

o

Т тIn та
i

ta

В вIn ва
i

va. В is v, not Latin B.

Н нIn на
i

na. Н is n, not Latin H.

Р рIn ра
i

ra. Р is r, not Latin P.

С сIn са
i

sa. С is s, not Latin c/k.

У у
i

u. У is u, not Latin y.

Х хIn ха
i

kha. Х is a friction sound, like ch in German Bach.

Е еye; softens the consonant
i

ye / e. At word start е begins ye; after a consonant it normally gives e and softens that consonant.

Б бIn ба
i

ba

Г гIn га
i

ga

Д дIn да
i

da

Л лIn ла
i

la

П пIn па
i

pa

З зIn за
i

za

Ж жIn жа
i

zha

Ш шIn ша
i

sha

И и
i

i. И normally follows a soft consonant.

Й й
i

y. Й is the short consonant y of yes, not a vowel syllable.

Ы ы
i

y / ɨ. Ы is a full vowel after a hard consonant; compare и.

Ч чIn ча
i

cha. Ч is normally soft.

Щ щa long, soft shIn ща
i

shcha. Щ is a long soft sh sound; it is not modern Russian ш + ч.

Ц цIn ца
i

tsa. Ц is hard ts, including before written и.

Ф фIn фа
i

fa

Э э
i

e. Э does not add an initial y sound.

Ю юyu; softens the consonant
i

yu. Ю begins yu initially and gives u plus a soft consonant after one.

Я яya; softens the consonant
i

ya. Initial я is ya; after a consonant it gives a plus softness.

Ё ёyo; softens the consonant
i

yo. Ё gives yo initially, or o plus softness; it is normally stressed.

Ь ьno sound; softens a consonantIn мягкий знак
i

soft sign (name). Ь has no independent vowel or consonant sound; here it makes л soft.

Ъ ъno sound; hard break before yIn твёрдый знак
i

hard sign (name). Ъ separates a consonant from a following е/ё/ю/я and keeps its y onset.