Module 9Grammar reviewPremium
Slovene in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
sem igral, sva igrala, smo igrali
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Jure played. | ||
| Jure played. | ||
| We two played, male or mixed pair. | ||
| We two played, male or mixed pair. | ||
| We two women played. | ||
| We two women played. | ||
| We played, three or more male or mixed people. | ||
| We played, three or more male or mixed people. | ||
| I played yesterday. | ||
| I played yesterday. | ||
| I looked for Muri yesterday. | ||
| I looked for Muri yesterday. | ||
The past uses present plus the participle. Singular endings: masculine , feminine , neuter . The auxiliary identifies the person: , , .
For two use : male or mixed pair , female pair . For three or more use : masculine or mixed , feminine , neuter . Thus and share a participle ending but have different auxiliaries.
delal, naredil, potem
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Jure played all evening. | ||
| Jure played all evening. | ||
| Maja made a cake. | ||
| Maja made a cake. | ||
| First I ate, then I went home, male speaker. | ||
| First I ate, then I went home, male speaker. | ||
| I did not find the key, male speaker. | ||
| I did not find the key, male speaker. | ||
| I worked eight hours yesterday. | ||
| I worked eight hours yesterday. | ||
| Then I made a list. | ||
| Then I made a list. | ||
Retell events in short past clauses with , , . Put the short auxiliary after the first phrase: . Negation uses .
Verbs can distinguish an ongoing activity from a completed event: I was working / worked versus I made a list. means I looked for it; means I found it. Learn a small number of useful pairs in context; duration does not automatically mean an event was completed.
bom šel, bova šla, bomo šli
| Number | Person | Future biti | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | |||
| Singular | |||
| Singular | |||
| Dual | |||
| Dual | |||
| Plural | |||
| Plural | |||
| Plural |
The future tense of is . Alone it means will be: . With another verb add the same gendered participle used in the past: .
The participle agrees with subject number too: mixed dual , female dual , plural . A time phrase usually comes before the auxiliary: . Use for future negation.
greva, pojdiva, pojdimo
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Nika, shall we two go to the park? | ||
| Nika, shall we two go to the park? | ||
| Let us all go to the courtyard. | ||
| Let us all go to the courtyard. | ||
| Jure, let us two go for coffee. | ||
| Jure, let us two go for coffee. | ||
| I would like more tea. | ||
| I would like more tea. | ||
| I am happy. Nika, shall we two go to the courtyard? | ||
| I am happy. Nika, shall we two go to the courtyard? | ||
| I am tired. We are all going home. | ||
| I am tired. We are all going home. | ||
For an invitation including exactly two people, (shall we two go?) or (let us two go) is natural. For three or more use or . Use when politely inviting someone to join you.
can mean still or more: , . means again: . Keep invitations brief: ,
še, ne več, od
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I still live here. | ||
| I still live here. | ||
| I no longer live in Hamburg. | ||
| I no longer live in Hamburg. | ||
| I have lived here since March. | ||
| I have lived here since March. | ||
| I have lived here for three months already. | ||
| I have lived here for three months already. | ||
| Before I was tired, now I am happy. | ||
| Before I was tired, now I am happy. | ||
| I am happy. I will stay here a little longer. | ||
| I am happy. I will stay here a little longer. | ||
describes continuation: . describes a stopped habit: . English no longer is not just ; include to express the change.
For a situation continuing since a starting point, use present plus : . For elapsed duration use : . Contrast (before) with (now) to describe a change.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the patterns
Tap the form described in this unit.
.
Jure played.
.
Jure played all evening.
.
Jure will play tomorrow.
, ?
Nika, shall we two go to the park?
.
I still live here.
As Lukas
.
I played yesterday.
As Lena
.
I played yesterday.
As Lukas
.
I looked for Muri yesterday.
As Lena
.
I looked for Muri yesterday.
.
We two women played.
, .
First I ate, then I went home, male speaker.
.
We will go to the park, three or more.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Choose the right word for the gap.
Jure igral.
Jure played.
Jure je ves večer.
Jure played all evening.
Jure igral jutri.
Jure will play tomorrow.
Nika, v park?
Nika, shall we two go to the park?
živim tukaj.
I still live here.
As Lukas
Včeraj sem .
I played yesterday.
As Lena
Včeraj sem .
I played yesterday.
As Lukas
Včeraj sem Murija.
I looked for Muri yesterday.
As Lena
Včeraj sem Murija.
I looked for Muri yesterday.
Medve sva .
We two women played.
Najprej sem jedel, sem šel domov.
First I ate, then I went home, male speaker.
Mi šli v park.
We will go to the park, three or more.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete a short message
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Jure igral.
Jure played.
Jure je ves večer.
Jure played all evening.
Jure igral jutri.
Jure will play tomorrow.
Nika, v park?
Nika, shall we two go to the park?
živim tukaj.
I still live here.
As Lukas
Včeraj sem .
I played yesterday.
As Lena
Včeraj sem .
I played yesterday.
As Lukas
Včeraj sem Murija.
I looked for Muri yesterday.
As Lena
Včeraj sem Murija.
I looked for Muri yesterday.
Medve sva .
We two women played.
Najprej sem jedel, sem šel domov.
First I ate, then I went home, male speaker.
Mi šli v park.
We will go to the park, three or more.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build useful sentences
Put the words in order.
Jure played.
Jure played all evening.
Jure will play tomorrow.
Nika, shall we two go to the park?
I still live here.
As Lukas
I played yesterday.
As Lena
I played yesterday.
As Lukas
I looked for Muri yesterday.
As Lena
I looked for Muri yesterday.
We two women played.
First I ate, then I went home, male speaker.
We will go to the park, three or more.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
Jure played.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Jure played.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Jure played all evening.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Jure played all evening.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Jure will play tomorrow.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Jure will play tomorrow.
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Nika, shall we two go to the park?
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Nika, shall we two go to the park?
You say:
Choose the form that fits this meaning and the Slovene pattern explained in the unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
