Module 2Grammar reviewPremium

Slovene in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

vi, iz Nemčije

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Form	Example	Meaning
		You speak Slovene, politely.
You speak Slovene, politely.
		You speak German, familiarly.
You speak German, familiarly.
		I am from Germany.
I am from Germany.
		I am from Hamburg.
I am from Hamburg.
		I am an engineer.
I am an engineer.
		I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.

Use polite with plural verb forms: , , . A child or friend uses familiar : , , . The same person can be addressed differently according to the relationship.

asks where you are from. Reply with and the genitive: , . Name these fixed country and town forms together; do not infer every ending from one example.

For languages say , . A profession is a nominative identity: or . is a useful spelling formula.

nimam mize, ni ključa

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Form	Example	Meaning
		I have a table.
I have a table.
		I do not have a table.
I do not have a table.
		I do not have a key.
I do not have a key.
		This is not my table.
This is not my table.
		I am new here. I do not have a sofa.
I am new here. I do not have a sofa.
		I am not hungry. I do not have cake.
I am not hungry. I do not have cake.

An affirmative direct object uses the accusative, but standard Slovene uses the genitive after negation: imam mizo → nimam mize, imam ključ → nimam ključa. This is a productive rule, not just a new verb ending.

For something absent, use plus the genitive: , . Negating an identity keeps the nominative: . Distinguish no table is here from this is not my table.

means I do not have a table yet. Common feminine genitive singular ends in -e; many masculine nouns use -a. Plural genitives vary: learn , and with their words.

rumen, rdeča, majhno

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Form	Example	Meaning
		The sofa is yellow.
The sofa is yellow.
		The lamp is red.
The lamp is red.
		The window is small.
The window is small.
		The wardrobe is big.
The wardrobe is big.
		I am a new neighbour.
I am a new neighbour.
		I am a friendly neighbour.
I am a friendly neighbour.

The nominative case names a subject or an identity. A describing adjective agrees with its noun. Use masculine , feminine and neuter . Nouns ending in a consonant are often masculine, -a often feminine and -o/-e often neuter, but there are exceptions.

The same agreement applies after : , , . Keep a noun’s gender when it refers to a thing; do not choose neuter merely because English calls it it.

and have changing stems in feminine/neuter forms: , . Memorize the useful sets rather than mechanically adding an ending to every dictionary form.

en stol, dva stola, trije stoli

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Number	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
One
Exactly two
Three
Five, counting chunk

Slovene distinguishes one, exactly two, and three or more. These are singular, dual and plural. Learn , , ; feminine , , .

Use for masculine, for feminine and neuter. Numbers three and four also affect the noun ending: , . After five or more the noun uses the genitive plural: . This last pattern is previewed as a counting chunk.

The verb agrees too: , , . The dual is ordinary daily grammar in Slovene; use it whenever exactly two things or people are the subject.

midva, medve, sva, sta

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Number	Person		Example
Exactly two
Exactly two
Exactly two
Three or more
Three or more
Three or more

For two people including the speaker use (two men or a mixed pair) or (two women). The verb is : , . For two addressees or two other people use .

With three or more, use (masculine/mixed), (feminine), , . A person pronoun can be omitted when the verb makes the number clear.

Adjectives agree in dual too: , . The feminine dual and masculine plural can look the same but the verb distinguishes them. Regular present verbs have -va for we two: , .

Practice 1/6 · Finding words

Notice the patterns

Tap the form described in this unit.

.
You speak Slovene, politely.
.
I have a table.
.
The sofa is yellow.
.
There is one chair here.
.
We two are here, male or mixed pair.
As Lukas
.
I am an engineer.
As Lena
.
I am an engineer.
As Lukas
. .
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
As Lena
. .
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
.
I am from Germany.
.
I do not have a key.
.
The window is small.

Practice 2/6 · The right form

Choose the form

Choose the right word for the gap.

Vi slovensko.
You speak Slovene, politely.
Imam .
I have a table.
Kavč je .
The sofa is yellow.
Tukaj je en .
There is one chair here.
Midva tukaj.
We two are here, male or mixed pair.
As Lukas
sem.
I am an engineer.
As Lena
sem.
I am an engineer.
As Lukas
Sem nov sosed. slovensko.
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
As Lena
Sem nova soseda. slovensko.
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
Sem iz .
I am from Germany.
Nimam .
I do not have a key.
Okno je .
The window is small.

Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps

Complete a short message

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Vi slovensko.
You speak Slovene, politely.
Imam .
I have a table.
Kavč je .
The sofa is yellow.
Tukaj je en .
There is one chair here.
Midva tukaj.
We two are here, male or mixed pair.
As Lukas
sem.
I am an engineer.
As Lena
sem.
I am an engineer.
As Lukas
Sem nov sosed. slovensko.
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
As Lena
Sem nova soseda. slovensko.
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
Sem iz .
I am from Germany.
Nimam .
I do not have a key.
Okno je .
The window is small.

Practice 4/6 · Building sentences

Build useful sentences

Put the words in order.

You speak Slovene, politely.
The sofa is yellow.
There is one chair here.
We two are here, male or mixed pair.
As Lukas
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
As Lena
I am the new neighbour. I speak Slovene.
I am from Germany.
The window is small.

Practice 5/6 · In situations

What would you say?

Choose the right words for the situation.

You speak Slovene, politely.
You say:
You speak Slovene, politely.
You say:
I have a table.
You say:
I have a table.
You say:
The sofa is yellow.
You say:
The sofa is yellow.
You say:
There is one chair here.
You say:
There is one chair here.
You say:

Practice 6/6 · Matching

Connect messages and meanings

Match the pairs.

Unit complete

Slovene in everyday situations

6exercises

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