Module 8Grammar reviewPremium

Turkish in everyday situations

Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.

Başım ağrıyor; gelemiyorum

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		I cannot come now.
I cannot come now.
		You cannot come now, familiar.
You cannot come now, familiar.
		She cannot come now.
She cannot come now.
		We cannot come now.
We cannot come now.
		You cannot come now, polite.
You cannot come now, polite.
		They cannot come now.
They cannot come now.
		My head hurts.
My head hurts.
		I have been ill since Saturday.
I have been ill since Saturday.

Use a possessive body word as the subject: , my head hurts; , my throat hurts. With two parts use .

Nominal illness is . For inability now, add the negative ability stem before -iyor: .

For since a starting time, use -dan beri plus present: . This describes an ongoing state; it needs no English-style have been auxiliary.

Doğum tarihim; saat dörtte

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		My name is Elif.
My name is Elif.
		My surname is Becker.
My surname is Becker.
		My date of birth is ten July.
My date of birth is ten July.
		I come at four today.
I come at four today.
		I want to change the appointment.
I want to change the appointment.
		Is earlier possible?
Is earlier possible?
		Nineteen ninety-five.
Nineteen ninety-five.
		I want to make an appointment with the doctor.
I want to make an appointment with the doctor.

A form asks . Reply in a short phrase. Your full birth date is . is one thousand, is nineteen hundred.

For an appointment say . specifies at four today. A numbered day can be , on the twenty-eighth of the month; learn this full date pattern.

asks is earlier possible? Change the appointment with . A foreign surname such as keeps its spelling; Turkish letters have their own names when spelling aloud.

Ağzınızı açın

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		My mouth is open.
My mouth is open.
		Your mouth is open, familiar.
Your mouth is open, familiar.
		Her mouth is open.
Her mouth is open.
		Our mouths are open.
Our mouths are open.
		Your mouth is open, polite.
Your mouth is open, polite.
		Open your mouth, polite.
Open your mouth, polite.
		Breathe deeply, polite.
Breathe deeply, polite.
		Drink tea three times a day, polite.
Drink tea three times a day, polite.

Review ownership on body nouns. drops its second vowel before a suffix: . similarly gives . Learn these common words with their forms.

A polite command has -ın/-in/-un/-ün. With a specified owned object say . The first-person object is . In a doctor’s room, use both ways.

is three times a day. gives a starting point; gives a length. is breathe deeply.

Almam lazım; yemekten sonra

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		I need to take it.
I need to take it.
		You need to take it, familiar.
You need to take it, familiar.
		She needs to take it.
She needs to take it.
		We need to take it.
We need to take it.
		You need to take it, polite.
You need to take it, polite.
		They need to take it.
They need to take it.
		Take it after meals, polite.
Take it after meals, polite.
		Take it before meals, polite.
Take it before meals, polite.

A simple personal need uses an action noun with a possessive: . These mean I, you, he or she, we, you, they need to take it.

An obligation can also use an infinitive plus : . The negative obligation means I must not take it; means I do not have to.

For medicine timing use and . means two tablets at a time, three times a day; the sharing suffix -şer in this dosage is a fixed formula.

Geleceğim, gelmeyeceğim

Tap a word to hear itTap a word to hear it and see its meaning
Form	Example	Meaning
		I will come.
I will come.
		You will come, familiar.
You will come, familiar.
		He will come.
He will come.
		We will come.
We will come.
		You will come, polite.
You will come, polite.
		They will come.
They will come.
		I will not come.
I will not come.
		You will not come, polite.
You will not come, polite.

The future tense uses -acak or -ecek, with after a vowel: . The full paradigm is . Before first-person vowel endings, becomes .

The negative adds -ma or -me before the future ending: . The question particle stands separately: , will you come, politely?

A time word can make a present form a plan: . Use either taught pattern for plans. The exercises specify the time and the form they ask for.

Practice 1/5 · Finding words

Find the familiar forms

Tap the form practised in the module.

.
I cannot come now.
.
I need to take it.
.
I will come.
.
You cannot come now, familiar.
.
You will come, familiar.
.
She cannot come now.
.
My date of birth is ten July.
.
She needs to take it.

Practice 2/5 · The right form

Choose the form: people and places

Choose the right word for the gap.

Ben .
I cannot come now.
Benim lazım.
I need to take it.
Ben .
I will come.
Sen .
You cannot come now, familiar.
Sen .
You will come, familiar.
O .
She cannot come now.
Doğum on Temmuz.
My date of birth is ten July.
Onun lazım.
She needs to take it.
Biz .
We cannot come now.
Bugün saat geliyorum.
I come at four today.

Choose the form: the rest of the module

Choose the right word for the gap.

Bizim lazım.
We need to take it.
Biz .
We will come.
Siz .
You cannot come now, polite.
değiştirmek istiyorum.
I want to change the appointment.
Sizin lazım.
You need to take it, polite.
Siz .
You will come, polite.
Onlar .
They cannot come now.
Ağzınızı .
Open your mouth, polite.
Onların lazım.
They need to take it.
Onlar .
They will come.

Practice 3/5 · Fill the gaps

Complete the mixed messages

Fill the gaps with the words from the box.

Ben .
I cannot come now.
Benim lazım.
I need to take it.
Ben .
I will come.
Sen .
You cannot come now, familiar.
Sen .
You will come, familiar.
O .
She cannot come now.
Doğum on Temmuz.
My date of birth is ten July.
Onun lazım.
She needs to take it.
Biz .
We cannot come now.
Bugün saat geliyorum.
I come at four today.

Practice 4/5 · Building sentences

Put the messages together

Put the words in order.

We need to take it.
We will come here.
You cannot come now, polite here.
I want to change the appointment.
You need to take it, polite.
You will come, polite here.
They cannot come now here.
Open your mouth, polite here.
They need to take it.
They will come here.

Practice 5/5 · In situations

Use the module patterns

Choose the right words for the situation.

I cannot come now.
You say:
I cannot come now.
You say:
I need to take it.
You say:
I need to take it.
You say:
I will come.
You say:
I will come.
You say:
You cannot come now, familiar.
You say:
You cannot come now, familiar.
You say:
You will come, familiar.
You say:
You will come, familiar.
You say:
She cannot come now.
You say:
She cannot come now.
You say:
My date of birth is ten July.
You say:
My date of birth is ten July.
You say:
She needs to take it.
You say:
She needs to take it.
You say:

Unit complete

Turkish in everyday situations

6exercises

Keep practising

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