Module 2Grammar reviewPremium
Turkish in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Almanım, Türkçe konuşuyorum
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I am German. | ||
| I am German. | ||
| You are German, familiar. | ||
| You are German, familiar. | ||
| She is German. | ||
| She is German. | ||
| We are German. | ||
| We are German. | ||
| You are German, polite. | ||
| You are German, polite. | ||
| They are German. | ||
| They are German. | ||
| I am an engineer. | ||
| I am an engineer. | ||
| I speak a little Turkish. | ||
| I speak a little Turkish. | ||
For nationality and profession, use nominal personal endings: , I am German; , I am an engineer. The noun has no gender or article. Polite asks where someone is from.
and are whole source expressions here; the productive source suffix is taught in module six. , German; , English; , Turkish.
The Turkish alphabet has 29 letters: . Distinguish dotless from dotted . Letters q, w, x can occur in foreign names. means say it letter by letter; learn it as a polite request.
Bu, şu, o; evler
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| This is my home. | ||
| This is my home. | ||
| These are my chairs. | ||
| These are my chairs. | ||
| There are two chairs. | ||
| There are two chairs. | ||
| There are three rooms. | ||
| There are three rooms. | ||
| There is no table at home. | ||
| There is no table at home. | ||
| There are houses here. | ||
| There are houses here. | ||
| There are rooms here. | ||
| There are rooms here. | ||
| This is my home. | ||
| This is my home. | ||
points to this near you; to that you draw attention to; to that farther away. Their plural forms are . There is no gender agreement.
Plural means more than one. Add -lar after , and -ler after : . After a number, leave the noun singular: , two chairs.
and work for singular and plural things. means there is no table at home. means there is none yet.
Elif’in anahtarı
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I have a key. | ||
| I have a key. | ||
| You have a key, familiar. | ||
| You have a key, familiar. | ||
| He has a key. | ||
| He has a key. | ||
| We have a key. | ||
| We have a key. | ||
| You have a key, polite. | ||
| You have a key, polite. | ||
| They have keys. | ||
| They have keys. | ||
| I have a home. | ||
| I have a home. | ||
| You have a home, polite. | ||
| You have a home, polite. | ||
A possessive suffix tells you whose thing it is. With : . The optional owner words are . Endings follow four-way vowel harmony.
After a noun ending in a vowel, first and second persons use -m, -n, -mız, -nız with harmony, and third person uses -sı: . Turkish adjectives do not change with the owner or noun.
A genitive marks the owner: . Use -(n)ın, -(n)in, -(n)un, -(n)ün: . Proper names take an apostrophe before inflectional suffixes. For have, use the owned noun plus ; for do not have, use .
Bizim masamız
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| My table is here. | ||
| My table is here. | ||
| Your table is here, familiar. | ||
| Your table is here, familiar. | ||
| Her table is here. | ||
| Her table is here. | ||
| Our table is here. | ||
| Our table is here. | ||
| Your table is here, polite. | ||
| Your table is here, polite. | ||
| Their tables are here. | ||
| Their tables are here. | ||
| I have a cup. | ||
| I have a cup. | ||
| You have a cup, polite. | ||
| You have a cup, polite. | ||
A possessive suffix tells you whose thing it is. With : . The optional owner words are . Endings follow four-way vowel harmony.
After a noun ending in a vowel, first and second persons use -m, -n, -mız, -nız with harmony, and third person uses -sı: . Turkish adjectives do not change with the owner or noun.
A genitive marks the owner: . Use -(n)ın, -(n)in, -(n)un, -(n)ün: . Proper names take an apostrophe before inflectional suffixes. For have, use the owned noun plus ; for do not have, use .
Anahtarı alıyorum
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I take the key. | ||
| I take the key. | ||
| I take a key. | ||
| I take a key. | ||
| I see the table. | ||
| I see the table. | ||
| I drink the cake. | ||
| I drink the cake. | ||
| I am taking it. | ||
| I am taking it. | ||
| We are taking it. | ||
| We are taking it. | ||
| You are taking it, polite. | ||
| You are taking it, polite. | ||
| They are taking it. | ||
| They are taking it. | ||
A case ending shows a noun’s role. An object is the person or thing affected by an action. The accusative marks a specific direct object: , I take the key. An unspecified object can have no ending: , I take a key.
A case ending shows a noun’s role. The ending has four forms: -ı, -i, -u, -ü. After a vowel, insert : . Useful examples are . Some final consonants soften before a vowel: koltuk → koltuğu.
A case ending shows a noun’s role. The present pattern stays . Useful requests and are learned whole before full ability and commands.
Practice 1/5 · Finding words
Find the familiar forms
Tap the form practised in the module.
.
I am German.
.
I have a key.
.
I take the key.
.
You are German, familiar.
.
These are my chairs.
.
You have a key, familiar.
.
Her table is here.
.
I see the table.
Practice 2/5 · The right form
Choose the form: people and places
Choose the right word for the gap.
Ben .
I am German.
Benim var.
I have a key.
alıyorum.
I take the key.
Sen .
You are German, familiar.
benim sandalyelerim.
These are my chairs.
Senin var.
You have a key, familiar.
Onun burada.
Her table is here.
görüyorum.
I see the table.
Biz .
We are German.
Bizim var.
We have a key.
Choose the form: the rest of the module
Choose the right word for the gap.
Bizim burada.
Our table is here.
Siz .
You are German, polite.
Sizin var.
You have a key, polite.
Sizin burada.
Your table is here, polite.
Ben .
I am taking it.
Onlar .
They are German.
Burada var.
There are houses here.
Onların var.
They have keys.
Onların burada.
Their tables are here.
Biz .
We are taking it.
Practice 3/5 · Fill the gaps
Complete the mixed messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Ben .
I am German.
Benim var.
I have a key.
alıyorum.
I take the key.
Sen .
You are German, familiar.
benim sandalyelerim.
These are my chairs.
Senin var.
You have a key, familiar.
Onun burada.
Her table is here.
görüyorum.
I see the table.
Biz .
We are German.
Bizim var.
We have a key.
Practice 4/5 · Building sentences
Put the messages together
Put the words in order.
Our table is here.
You are German, polite here.
You have a key, polite.
Your table is here, polite.
I am taking it here.
They are German here.
There are houses here.
They have keys.
Their tables are here.
We are taking it here.
Practice 5/5 · In situations
Use the module patterns
Choose the right words for the situation.
I am German.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I am German.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I have a key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I have a key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I take the key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I take the key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You are German, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You are German, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
These are my chairs.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
These are my chairs.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You have a key, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You have a key, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
Her table is here.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
Her table is here.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I see the table.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I see the table.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
Unit complete
