Completed past actions
The definite past tense uses -dı, -di, -du, -dü after voiced sounds and -tı, -ti, -tu, -tü after f, s, t, k, , , h, p. Examples are . All regular stems take the same personal endings.
The six persons are . The negative is . Notice the first-person plural -k, unlike present forms.
The question comes after the personal form: Earlier and forms are not needed as productive patterns here; use as the already explained birth formula. Give a sequence with , first, then , afterwards.
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I came. | ||
| I came. | ||
| You came, familiar. | ||
| You came, familiar. | ||
| She came. | ||
| She came. | ||
| We came. | ||
| We came. | ||
| You came, polite. | ||
| You came, polite. | ||
| They came. | ||
| They came. | ||
| I did not come. | ||
| I did not come. | ||
| You did not come, polite. | ||
| You did not come, polite. | ||
Ben geldim.I came.
Sen geldin.You came, familiar.
O geldi.She came.
Biz geldik.We came.
Siz geldiniz.You came, polite.
Onlar geldiler.They came.
Ben gelmedim.I did not come.
Siz gelmediniz.You did not come, polite.
Practice 1/6 · Finding words
Notice the useful pattern
Tap the form practised in this unit.
.
I came.
.
You came, familiar.
.
She came.
.
We came.
Practice 2/6 · The right form
Choose the form
Use the English meaning and the pattern in this unit.
Ben .
I came.
Sen .
You came, familiar.
O .
She came.
Biz .
We came.
Siz .
You came, polite.
Onlar .
They came.
Ben .
I did not come.
Siz .
You did not come, polite.
Practice 3/6 · Fill the gaps
Complete the messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
O .
She came.
Biz .
We came.
Siz .
You came, polite.
Onlar .
They came.
Ben .
I did not come.
Siz .
You did not come, polite.
Practice 4/6 · Building sentences
Build a sentence
Put the words in order.
I came here.
You came, familiar here.
She came here.
We came here.
Practice 5/6 · In situations
What would you say?
Choose the right words for the situation.
I came.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
I came.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
You came, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
You came, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
She came.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
She came.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
We came.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
We came.
You say:
Use the meaning and Turkish pattern explained in this unit.
Practice 6/6 · Matching
Connect messages and meanings
Match the pairs.
Unit complete
