Module 4Grammar reviewPremium
Turkish in everyday situations
Reviews practise both sides: wherever Lukas and Lena would say something differently, you do it once as each.
Annem, ablam, kardeşim
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I have a key. | ||
| I have a key. | ||
| You have a key, familiar. | ||
| You have a key, familiar. | ||
| He has a key. | ||
| He has a key. | ||
| We have a key. | ||
| We have a key. | ||
| You have a key, polite. | ||
| You have a key, polite. | ||
| They have keys. | ||
| They have keys. | ||
| I have a home. | ||
| I have a home. | ||
| You have a home, polite. | ||
| You have a home, polite. | ||
A possessive suffix tells you whose thing it is. With : . The optional owner words are . Endings follow four-way vowel harmony.
After a noun ending in a vowel, first and second persons use -m, -n, -mız, -nız with harmony, and third person uses -sı: . Turkish adjectives do not change with the owner or noun.
A genitive marks the owner: . Use -(n)ın, -(n)in, -(n)un, -(n)ün: . Proper names take an apostrophe before inflectional suffixes. For have, use the owned noun plus ; for do not have, use .
For an older sister say . A younger sister is , and a younger brother is . Our learner has and . Age uses : .
On Temmuz; birinci
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I am thirty. | ||
| I am thirty. | ||
| You are ten, familiar. | ||
| You are ten, familiar. | ||
| She is ten. | ||
| She is ten. | ||
| We are thirty. | ||
| We are thirty. | ||
| You are thirty, polite. | ||
| You are thirty, polite. | ||
| They are ten. | ||
| They are ten. | ||
| This is the first question. | ||
| This is the first question. | ||
| This is the second question. | ||
| This is the second question. | ||
Turkish dates use ordinary numbers: , ten July. For on that date say . Month names have an initial capital in a specific date. .
Ordinal means position in a sequence. Add -ıncı, -inci, -uncu, -üncü, dropping the first suffix vowel after a vowel: . Only softens here.
means I am thirty. Full age forms are . Learn as the fixed birth formula; action past is taught in module nine.
Kahverengi gözler
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Emre’s eyes are brown. | ||
| Emre’s eyes are brown. | ||
| Emre’s hair is curly. | ||
| Emre’s hair is curly. | ||
| I am tall. | ||
| I am tall. | ||
| You are tall, familiar. | ||
| You are tall, familiar. | ||
| We are tall. | ||
| We are tall. | ||
| You are tall, polite. | ||
| You are tall, polite. | ||
| Ayşe Hanım has glasses. | ||
| Ayşe Hanım has glasses. | ||
| This is a small town. | ||
| This is a small town. | ||
Adjectives stay unchanged: . They normally go before a noun. For a description sentence use ; personal endings appear with I and you: .
Possessive third person can follow a plural: . means Emre’s eyes are brown. Hair on the head is commonly plural .
means she has glasses. No masculine or feminine ending depends on the person. Learn , the boy in the photo, as a whole descriptive expression before -ki is revisited.
Bana, sana, Elif’e
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| This is for me. | ||
| This is for me. | ||
| This is for you, familiar. | ||
| This is for you, familiar. | ||
| This is for her. | ||
| This is for her. | ||
| This is for us. | ||
| This is for us. | ||
| This is for you, polite. | ||
| This is for you, polite. | ||
| This is for them. | ||
| This is for them. | ||
| Give the key to me. | ||
| Give the key to me. | ||
| I give the present to Elif. | ||
| I give the present to Elif. | ||
The dative marks a destination or recipient. Add -a or -e, with after a vowel: . Use it for give to: .
The personal pronouns are . Notice the changes in ben → bana and sen → sana. Use for polite you.
means for: . is a gift phrase. A direction and a purpose are different meanings.
Gençtim, gençtiniz
| Form | Example | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| I was young. | ||
| I was young. | ||
| You were young, familiar. | ||
| You were young, familiar. | ||
| He was young. | ||
| He was young. | ||
| We were young. | ||
| We were young. | ||
| You were young, polite. | ||
| You were young, polite. | ||
| They were young. | ||
| They were young. | ||
| I was not married. | ||
| I was not married. | ||
| You were not married, polite. | ||
| You were not married, polite. | ||
For a past noun or adjective state use , usually attached as -dı, -di, -du, -dü. After a vowel add . Examples are . The same sound rules as the location suffix change d to t after voiceless sounds.
All persons are . Negative forms use : .
This past tense says how a person or place was. Action past is taught in module nine. Earlier photo phrases , as a child, and , I used to live, are recognition chunks here. and do not change for male or female learners.
Practice 1/5 · Finding words
Find the familiar forms
Tap the form practised in the module.
.
I have a key.
.
This is for me.
.
I was young.
.
You have a key, familiar.
.
You are ten, familiar.
.
This is for you, familiar.
.
You were young, familiar.
.
He has a key.
Practice 2/5 · The right form
Choose the form: people and places
Choose the right word for the gap.
Benim var.
I have a key.
Bu için.
This is for me.
Ben .
I was young.
Senin var.
You have a key, familiar.
Sen on .
You are ten, familiar.
Bu için.
This is for you, familiar.
Sen .
You were young, familiar.
Onun var.
He has a key.
O .
He was young.
Bizim var.
We have a key.
Choose the form: the rest of the module
Choose the right word for the gap.
Bu için.
This is for us.
Biz .
We were young.
Sizin var.
You have a key, polite.
Siz otuz .
You are thirty, polite.
Bu için.
This is for you, polite.
Siz .
You were young, polite.
Onların var.
They have keys.
Siz uzun .
You are tall, polite.
Onlar .
They were young.
Ben evli .
I was not married.
Practice 3/5 · Fill the gaps
Complete the mixed messages
Fill the gaps with the words from the box.
Benim var.
I have a key.
Bu için.
This is for me.
Ben .
I was young.
Senin var.
You have a key, familiar.
Sen on .
You are ten, familiar.
Bu için.
This is for you, familiar.
Sen .
You were young, familiar.
Onun var.
He has a key.
O .
He was young.
Bizim var.
We have a key.
Practice 4/5 · Building sentences
Put the messages together
Put the words in order.
This is for us.
We were young here.
You have a key, polite.
You are thirty, polite.
This is for you, polite.
You were young, polite here.
They have keys.
You are tall, polite.
They were young here.
I was not married.
Practice 5/5 · In situations
Use the module patterns
Choose the right words for the situation.
I have a key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I have a key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
This is for me.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
This is for me.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I was young.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
I was young.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You have a key, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You have a key, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You are ten, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You are ten, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
This is for you, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
This is for you, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You were young, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
You were young, familiar.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
He has a key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
He has a key.
You say:
Use the meaning and the form in this module.
Unit complete
